火干扰对本氏针茅草地群落特征的影响  

Effects of fire on the community characteristics of Stipa bungeana grassland

作　　者：李媛[1] 程积民[1,2] 于鲁宁[3] 陈奥[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100 [3]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《草业科学》2011年第6期1052-1058,共7页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：中国科学院重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-441;KZCX2-YW-149);国家重点基础研究发展计划"973"项目(2007CB106803);国家自然科学基金重点项目(40730631);农业部"现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金";国家林业总局:全国沙化典型地区定位监测项目

摘　　要：以云雾山典型草原本氏针茅(Stipa bungeana)群落为对象,研究了火烧后2年、10年和未烧草地群落的物种重要值、群落平均高度、盖度、密度、地上生物量、多样性指数及枯落物积累量的变化。结果表明,1)3个样地中,本氏针茅和白颖苔草(Carex rigesoens)是共优势种;火烧后2年和未烧地,铁杆蒿(Artemisia sacrorum)成为次优势种,而火烧后10年,赖草(Leymus secalinus)成为次优势种。2)火烧后2年地,群落的平均高度显著减小(P<0.05);火烧后10年地,群落的平均盖度显著减小(P<0.05);火烧后2年和火烧后10年地,群落的平均密度显著增加(P<0.05)。3)火烧后,群落的地上生物量、多样性指数、丰富度指数、均匀度指数差异均不显著(P>0.05)。4)枯落物积累量变化表现为:未烧地>火烧后10年地>火烧后2年地,差异显著(P<0.05)。A field survey was conducted to determine the effects of different fire periods after 2 and 10 years on the importance value of different plants,average height,cover,abundance,above-ground biomass,diversity and litter accumulation of Stipa bungeana community in the Yunwu Mountain.This study showed that S.bungeana and Carex rigesaens were the co-dominant species in the three blocks,and Artemisia sacrorum had become subdominant species in the plot with 2 years after fire and control,while Leymus secalinus had become subdominant species in the plots with 10 years after fire.The mean height of the community was significantly decreased two years after fire（P0.01）,and the mean coverage of the community was significantly decreased ten years after fire（P0.05）,and both the mean density of the community were significantly increased two and ten years after fire（P0.01）.This study also showed that fire did not affect the above-ground biomass,diversity index,richness index and evenness index.The litter accumulation was control ten years after fire two years after fire.

关 键 词：云雾山 典型草原 火烧 本氏针茅 群落特征 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学] Q945.15[农业科学—畜牧学]