大视场摄像机高精度快速现场标定方法  

Accurate and Fast Field Calibration of Camera with Large FOV

作　　者：杨明[1] 仲小清[1] 霍炬[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学控制与仿真中心,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《电光与控制》2011年第6期56-61,共6页Electronics Optics & Control

基　　金：黑龙江省杰出青年科学基金(JC200606);哈尔滨工业大学优秀青年教师培养计划(HITQNJS2007021)

摘　　要：针对大视场视觉测量系统中摄像机标定参数在测量过程中变化导致测量精度降低严重以及参数计算耗时大的问题,提出一种"预先标定+现场校正"模式的大视场摄像机高精度快速现场标定方法。在测量开始前,利用空间方向位置已知的光束投射到测量现场的实际平面上形成的一定数量的光点进行摄像机参数的精确预先标定;在测量过程中,使用相对视觉测量系统测量参考坐标系位置固定的特征点在图像平面上位置的变化并利用透视投影误差模型进行快速现场校正。仿真实验和实际应用结果表明,所提方法可以满足8 000 mm×8 000 mm视场范围的摄像机快速现场标定需求,相对误差小于1/10 000。In camera calibration of vision sensor with large FOV（Field Of View）,where large calibration jig is usually needed,the camera parameters always vary after calibration and the calibration procedure is time-consuming.To solve the problem,a novel field calibration method is proposed,which is composed of two steps： pre-calibration and field adjustment.Before measuring,the camera is pre-calibrated based on the cross points of a number of rays and a surface precisely,whose orientations and positions are all known.During the process of measuring,position changes of several fixed points on the image are used to adjust the camera.Simulation and practical application show that the relative error is less than 1/10 000 in the measurement range of 8 000 mm×8 000 mm by using the proposed method,which is suitable for field calibration of camera with large FOV.

关 键 词：机器视觉 大视场视觉测量 现场标定 高精度标定 快速标定 

分 类 号：V271.4[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计] TP391[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]