锰超富集植物种质资源及耐性机制研究进展  

Germplasm Collections and Manganese Tolerance Mechanisms of Manganese Hyperaccumulator Plants

作　　者：刘恒[1] 薛生国[1] 何哲祥[1] 刘丰豪[1] 雷杰[1] 周喜艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学冶金科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2011年第6期98-103,共6页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家公益性(环保)行业科研项目(200909065;201109056);国家自然科学基金项目(40771181);中国博士后科学基金项目资助(20080430565);中国博士后科学基金特别项目资助(200801119)

摘　　要：工矿业引起的土壤和水体锰污染问题正引起人们的重视,利用超富集植物清除土壤和水体环境中的重金属和类金属污染的植物修复技术因其潜在的高效、廉价及环境友好性获得政府和企业的广泛关注。超富集植物是植物修复的基础。文章对国内外文献报道的重金属和类金属超富集植物种质资源进行了分类整理,迄今发现超富集植物492种,但绝大多数属于镍超富集植物(329)种,锰超富集植物22种。在系统综述锰超富集植物种质资源和锰富集特性的基础上,从区隔化作用、螯合作用、外排作用、抗氧化系统、离子交互作用等方面探讨植物的锰耐性机制,并提出锰超富集植物未来的研究重点,以期为探讨植物锰超富集机理和锰污染环境修复提供参考依据。Manganese-contaminated soils and water originating from industrial and agricultural activities and mining are becoming an environmental concern following increased awareness of need for environmental protection.Phytoremediation is attracting interest and attention from government and enterprise as a potentially cost effective,engineering-economical and green technique to clean up heavy metal polluted soils and waters using hyperaccumulators.Hyperaccumulator plants are advantageous for phytoremediation.Based on collection of metal hyperaccumulators and germplasm collections,492 species of metal-hyperaccumulating plants are currently known,of which 329 are nickel hyperaccumulators and 22 are manganese hyperaccumulators.Manganese tolerance mechanism of hyperaccumulator plants were reviewed,which include ion compartmentation,chelation effect,the external metal detoxification,antioxidant system and ion interaction effect,which would provide scientific fundamental for exploring the mechanism of manganese hyperaccumulation and using them in the remediation of Mn-contaminated soil and waters.

关 键 词：植物修复 锰 超富集植物 种质资源 耐性机制 

分 类 号：X132[环境科学与工程—环境科学] Q948.1[生物学—植物学]