基于专家问卷的0～6岁儿童忽视影响因素重要性分析  

Analysis of Influencing Factors of Child Neglect within 6 Years Old Based on Expert Questionnaire

作　　者：王琳[1] 舒涛[2] 吴葆宁[3] 陈思玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]遵义医学院附属医院预防保健科,贵州遵义563003 [2]遵义医学院附属医院外科,贵州遵义563003 [3]广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院儿童保健科,南宁530003

出　　处：《实用儿科临床杂志》2011年第11期850-852,共3页Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics

摘　　要：目的了解我国0-6岁儿童忽视影响因素的专家意见及用层次分析法（AHP）探讨各因素重要性的差异。方法提炼0-6岁儿童忽视影响因素,按AHP需要设计专家问卷,并对全国35名专家进行问卷调查,获取各专家对各因素差异的主观判断,并用统计描述及AHP计算各因素权重。结果前6位高危影响因素依次为：家庭氛围（最重要因素,12.81%）、母亲与孩子的关系（4.82%）、儿童气质特点（4.35%）、儿保机构服务水平（4.26%）、母亲亲自带孩子时间（4.24%）、相关配套政策法规（4.04%）。儿童气质特点、身体疾病及社会各因素对0-6岁儿童的影响较大,且母亲各因素危险性均超过父亲。结论首次采用专家问卷调查和AHP定性判断定量分析相结合的方法研究儿童忽视,获得的32个指标权重值反映了0-6岁儿童忽视各影响因素的严重性差异,且与临床实际基本一致,为针对性的预防及干预儿童忽视提供客观依据。Objective To learn about experts′ opinions on the factors influencing child neglect aged 0-6 years old in China and use analytic hierarchy process（AHP） to analyze the differences of these factors.Methods Influencing factors were collected and questionnaires were designed for the purpose of AHP,then questionnaires distributed to 35 experts from different areas in China to collect their subjective judgments about the differences among the factors concerned judgments of experts were summarized and their weights were then determined by statistical description and AHP calculation.Results Top 6 high risk factors were as follow：Family atmosphere（the most important factor,12.81%）,relation between mother and child（4.82%）,temperament of children（4.35%）,service level of child care institution（4.26%）,time of mothers′ personal charge of children（4.24%）,relative laws and regulations（4.04%）.Compared with other factors,children′s temperament,diseases and social factors contributed more to child neglect,the risk brought on by factors from mothers outweighed those from fathers.Conclusions Expert questionnaire and AHP method,a combination of qualitative judgment and quantitative analysis,are used for the first time to explore child neglect.The consequent 32 index weights reflect that the differences in severity of various factors influencing child neglect are consistent with those found in clinical practice,providing a scientific basis for child neglect prevention and intervention.

关 键 词：儿童忽视 层次分析法 专家问卷 权重 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]