甘蓝型油菜几个雄性不育系花药发育的细胞形态学研究  

CYTOMORPHOLOGICAL RESEARCH ON ANTHER DEVELOPMENT OF SEVERAL MALE-STERILE LINES IN BRASSICA NAPUS L.

作　　者：余凤群[1] 傅廷栋[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学农学系,武汉430070

出　　处：《武汉植物学研究》1990年第3期209-216,共8页Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research

摘　　要：选用甘蓝型油菜6个细胞质雄性不育系和1个细胞核雄性不育系为材料,与可育系比较,确定花药发育受阻的时期和方式。根据研究结果,将其雄性不育系分为三类:1.湘矮A,Po-aA,陕2A和7s-3A花药发育受阻于孢原细胞分化期,没有分化形成花粉囊。2.萝AⅠ和萝AⅡ花药发育受阻于四分体至单核花粉期。败育方式为小孢子难以从四分体中释放出来,或释放出来后细胞质液泡化,核不能分裂,花粉壁发育不良。此外,还见到绒毡层径向肥大、延迟消失和维管束分化不良等异常现象。3.宜3A为核不育系,花药发育受阻于花粉母细胞期。败育方式为花粉母细胞死亡,减数分裂异常,或不能进行减数分裂。绒毡层和维管束一般都能正常发育。The studies on the anther ontogeny of six cytoplasmic malesterile lines and one genic male-sterile line with comparision of one fertile line in Brassica napus seems to he indicated that these male sterile materials may be divided into three types:1. It was regarded as the same type in Xiangai A, Po-aA, Shan 2A and 75-3A. The inhibition of their anther development occurred at the stage of chearsporial cell. The anther consisted of the parenchyma and the vascular All tissue. of them had no differentiation of microsporangium.2. Ogu-nap AⅠ and Ogu-AⅡ were similar in anther ontogeny. The inhibition of their anther development occurred at the stage of tetrad and uninucleic pollen. It was difficult that the microspores were released from tetrad. After some microspores were released, they began to gradual vacuolation and stopped the cell division with rudimental exine. The tapetum started to vaeuolation and radial enlangment during meiosis. The traces of tapetum were still found in mature anther. The vascular bundle had poorly differentiated and the varied number in different anther. The endothecial cell failed to elongate radially with no fibrous band on their radial walls. Additionlly, there were a lot of other abnormal phenomena.3. Yi-3A belongs to genic male-sterile line The abnormality of anther development commenced at the stage of pollen mother cell (PMC). The abnormal expressions were PMCs death, anomalous meiosis and the failure of meiosis. The microspore's analogue which were formed by PMCs started gradually vaculation in cytoplasm and deformation in nuclei with the exine of no development. During late period of anther ontogeny, there were a lot of ball-shaped granules in the anther chamber It was sugguested that they might be Ubish bodies. The endothecial cells and parenchyma cells with fibrous band on radial walls were not significant as normal ones. The remnaint of tapetum persist(?)d up to anthesis.

关 键 词：油菜 花药 雄性不育 细胞形态学 

分 类 号：Q949.748.3[生物学—植物学]