基于日地月方位信息的自主导航系统的脉冲仿真和方位确定  

Impulses Simulation and Orientation Determination of the Autonomous Navigation System Based on the Sun-Earth-Moon Orientation Information

作　　者：荆武兴[1] 李茂登[1] 黄翔宇[2] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学航天工程系,哈尔滨150001 [2]北京控制工程研究所,北京100080

出　　处：《航天控制》2011年第3期69-74,79,共7页Aerospace Control

摘　　要：基于日地月信息的自主导航系统利用日地和月地夹角信息来确定卫星的轨道和姿态,具有很强的应用背景。它利用在轨的集成敏感器来敏感太阳、月球和地平边缘,从而产生相应的脉冲。利用脉冲的信息就可以确定日、地、月的方位信息,并可以确定日地和月地夹角。本文研究了该类自主导航系统的基于球形地球假设的方位确定算法,导航敏感器基于地球扁率的地平脉冲、太阳脉冲和月球脉冲的产生机制,并评估了地球扁率对方位确定的影响。仿真结果表明,如果脉冲产生机制中不考虑地球扁率,由脉冲计算出的月地夹角、日地夹角的精度能达到(10-10)°。如果脉冲机制中考虑地球扁率,而方位确定中不进行修正,由脉冲计算出的月(日)地夹角与真实的月(日)地夹角的最大误差有(0.12)°。Autonomous navigation system based on Sun-Earth-Moon（SEM） orientation information uses the angular information between the Sun and the Earth,and between the Moon and the Earth to determine satellite＇s orbit and attitude.It generates several impulses when it detected the edges of the Sun,Moon and Earth＇s horizon.Based on the impulses information,the Sun,Earth and Moon orientation can be determined.Therefore,the angles between the Sun and the Earth,and between the Moon and the Earth can be also calculated.This paper studies the algorithm of orientation determination based on the assumption of spherical Earth,investigates the generation mechanism of the impulses for the integrated sensors,builds the mathematic model of impulses simulation in which the Earth＇s oblateness is considered,and evaluates the effects the Earth＇s oblateness on the orientation determination.Simulation results show that the errors between the actual Sun/Moon-Earth angles and the ones which are calculated by the impulses can be as small as 10-10 degree for the assumption of spherical Earth in the impulses simulation.However,if the Earth＇s oblateness is considered in the impulse simulation,the maximum error between the actual Moon（Sun）-Earth angle and the one which is calculated by the impulses can achieve 0.12°.

关 键 词：自主导航系统 日地月方位信息 地球扁率 脉冲仿真 

分 类 号：V448.22[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]