基于物理栖息地模拟的长江中游生态流量研究  

Study on instream ecological flow of the middle Yangtze River based on physical habitat simulation

作　　者：李建[1,2] 夏自强[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,江苏南京210098 [2]河海大学水文水资源学院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《水利学报》2011年第6期678-684,共7页Journal of Hydraulic Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大课题资助项目(30490235)

摘　　要：将Delft3D水力学模型和栖息地模型组成物理栖息地模拟模型以研究鱼类的生态环境。以长江中游宜昌至枝江河段为研究区域,以长江的重要经济鱼类四大家鱼为目标物种,结合流速及水深两个栖息地限制因子计算研究区域内不同流量下四大家鱼4个产卵场的栖息地面积,得到了流量与栖息地面积关系曲线。分析该曲线,结果表明:长江中游四大家鱼4—6月份产卵期间的最小生态流量为4570m3/s,适宜生态流量范围为12000～15500m3/s。计算结果在传统水文学法界定的生态流量范围之内,分析认为该计算结果更加合理,可为四大家鱼的保护和三峡及葛洲坝工程的生态调度提供参考建议。The Delft3D hydraulic model and habitat model were used to constitute a physical habitat simulation model for investigating the ecoenvironment of fishes. Taking the middle reach of the Yangtze River from Yichang to Zhijiang as the study area, and considering four major Chinese carps as target economic fish species, with velocity and depth as constrained factors, the relationship of river discharge and weighted usable area were studied. The results show that in spawning period from April to June, the minimum ecological flow of the Yangtze River for four major Chinese carps is 4 570m3/s, and optimal ecological flow is 12 000-15 500m3/s. The results calculated by PHABSIM are more reasonable and within the scope of those calculated by traditional hydrological methods. This result provides suggestions for fish protection and references for ecological regulation of the Three Gorges Project and Gezhouba Project.

关 键 词：物理栖息地 生态流量 加权可利用面积 数值模拟 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]