无线传感器网络中一种基于网络编码的拥塞感知路由协议  

A Congestion Aware Routing Protocol Based on Network Coding in Wireless Sensor Networks

作　　者：付彬[1] 李仁发[1] 刘彩苹[1] 肖雄仁[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学信息科学与工程学院,长沙410082

出　　处：《计算机研究与发展》2011年第6期991-999,共9页Journal of Computer Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(60903019);湖南省科技计划重点基金项目(2009GK2008);教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(200805321056);国家"十一五"科技支撑计划重点项目(2007BAK23B03)

摘　　要：事件驱动型无线传感器网络流量具有突发性,容易引起网络局部拥塞,影响数据传输的可靠性.将拥塞感知的路由机制与网络编码的数据传输方法相结合,提出了一种基于邻居节点拥塞度的区域拥塞检测方法,在此基础上,提出基于网络编码的拥塞感知可靠路由协议NCCAR.仿真结果表明,NCCAR能够合理地避免拥塞,提高了数据成功转发率,并根据链路的可靠度合理地估计数据源需发送的编码包数量,降低了链路失效带来的影响,提高了无线传感器网络数据传输的可靠性.Event driven wireless sensor networks（WSNs）have the characteristics of traffic bursting which leads to the congestion in local area.Thus,the data transmission reliability is deeply affected.At the same time,due to the scarce resources like energy,computational capability and storage space as well as rapid change in wireless link characteristics such as signal strength,interference,and multi-path propagation,how to provide a reliable data transmission in WSNs is an important and challenging issue.The mechanism of congestion aware routing is combined with network coding in this paper.A method of region congestion detecting is proposed.Based on neighbor nodes congestion degree,a formulation to calculate the congestion of this local area is given,which can indicate the congestion degree of the local area earlier and more accurately.And an on-demand congestion aware routing protocol based on network coding is proposed.During the routing discovery procedure,whether a node is selected to deliver data is according to its area congestion degree.The number of coding packets is properly estimated according to the link reliability.Simulation results in NS2 show that the congestion is avoided appropriately and the data delivery rate is improved.By reducing the effect of link invalidation,data transmission reliability is improved in wireless sensor networks.

关 键 词：无线传感器网络 路由协议 网络编码 拥塞检测 可靠性 

分 类 号：TP393.04[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]