中国15种海参的分子系统发育和骨片演化的分析  

Molecular phylogeny of 15 sea cucumbers and the inferences about the evolution of ossicles

作　　者：文菁[1,2] 胡超群[2] 范嗣刚[2] 

机构地区：[1]湛江师范学院生命科学与技术学院,广东湛江524048 [2]中国科学院南海海洋研究所,中国科学院海洋生物资源可持续利用重点实验室,广东省应用海洋生物学重点实验室,广东广州510301

出　　处：《海洋科学》2011年第5期66-72,共7页Marine Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BAB44B02);广东省海洋渔业科技项目(A200899E02,A200901E01);广东省科技计划项目(2007A020300007-15);广东省省院合作计划项目(2009B091300155);广西自治区重点科技项目(桂科攻0815006-2)

摘　　要：基于线粒体16S rRNA基因部分序列,对我国15种海参的分子系统发育进行了分析。结果表明,片段长度约为570bp,A+T的平均含量为54.7%。15种海参的遗传距离在0.041(花刺参与糙刺参)至0.327(红腹海参与花刺参)之间,不同海参种类间的遗传距离差别很大。NJ和MP聚类分析方法一致,符合传统的形态学分类结果。刺参科、海参科、刺参属、梅花参属和辐肛参属均呈单态性。利用系统发育方法对刺参科与海参科内骨片的进化关系进行了推断,发现桌形体和扣状体是较原始的骨片类型,随后进化为杆状体和花纹样体。Molecular phylogeny of 15 recognized species of sea cucumbers were elucidated based on the partial sequences of the mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit （16S rRNA） gene. The results showed that the aligned sequences were 570 bp and the mean content of A＋T was 54.7%. Their genetic distance ranged from 0. 041 （between Stichopus herrmanni and Stichopus horrens） to 0. 327 （between S. herrmanni and Holothuria edulis）. The global branching pattern was coincident in neighbor-joining and maximum parsimony analyses, and both phylogenic trees supported the Linnean classification. Monophyly of family Stichopodidae, Holothuriidae, genus Stichopus, Thelenota and Actinopyga were strongly supported by bootstrap analysis. Moreover, the phylogeny permited infer- ences about the evolution of ossicles within Stichopodidae and Holothuriidae. Our study indicates that tables and buttons are ancestral and later evolve into rods and rosettes.

关 键 词：海参 16S RRNA基因 系统发育 骨片演化 

分 类 号：Q178.53[生物学—水生生物学]