夏季油松排放单萜烯质量浓度日变化规律及其对O_3生成的影响  

Diurnal variations of concentrations of monoterpenes emitted from Pinus tabulaeformis and their impact on ozone creation in summer

作　　者：王举位[1] 于新[1] 裴淑玮[1] 彭应登[2] 伦小秀[1] 齐飞[1] 张征[1] 张艳素[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学环境科学与工程学院,北京100083 [2]北京市环境保护科学研究院,北京100037

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2011年第3期119-123,共5页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金项目(8093035);教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金项目(20091001);北京林业大学校级科研训练项目(20080003)

摘　　要：研究了油松生长的烟雾箱中单萜烯质量浓度变化特征。利用气相色谱分析测定单萜烯的质量浓度,采用臭氧(O_3)分析仪分析O_3的质量浓度,观测夏季油松排放单萜烯质量浓度随环境因子的日变化规律、单萜烯排放速率及其光化学氧化反应对O_3生成的影响。结果表明,油松排放单萜烯的质量浓度总量呈现先增加后减小的趋势,一般11:00—12:00达到当天最大值,19:00—20:00达到当天最小值。对油松排放的单萜烯质量浓度及相关因子日变化的研究发现,高温、低湿度、高O_3质量浓度及强光照辐射在一定程度上有利于油松单萜烯的排放。晴天和阴天3种单萜烯的总平均排放速率分别为1.86 μg/(h·g)和1.01 μg/(h·g)。单萜烯对O_3的生成有一定潜势,α-松油烯、β-蒎烯、3-蒈烯对O_3的生成潜势大小分别为145.77、90.15、94.63,α-松油烯对大气中O_3的贡献最大。This paper aims to present the results of our observation of the diurnal variations of monoterpenes emitted from Pinus tabulaeformis in a smoke chamber. The observational and experimental analysis has been done by us with the gas chromatography for the monoterpene analysis and an ozone analyzer for the ozone concentration change; we have traced the variation character of the monoterpenes and the environmental factors. At the same time, we have traced the emission rate change of monoterpenes and their impact on the ozone creation. The results of our experiments show that, the concentration of monoterpenes emitted from Pinus tabulaeformis tends to increase at first, then reached its maximum value at 11： 00- 12： 00, and finally tends to decrease to the minimum at 19： 00- 20： 00. We have also found that the high temperature, low humidity, high ozone concentration in addition to the bright light radiation may all contribute to the emission of monoterpenes from the Pinus tabulaeformis. It has also been found that, of all of the influential factors involved, the most remarkable relevance exists between the total monoterpenes and ozone, whereas the less strong relevance can be found to exist between the total monoterpenes and the temperature than that of ozone. Monoterpenes emission rates were found significantly different with the change of weather. The general average emission rates of the three compounds were found to be equal to 1.86 μg/（h· g） and 1.01 μg/（h· g）, respectively, in the sunny days and cloudy days. Besides, the monoterpenes emitted from the Pinuz tabulaeformia proves to have a certain photochemical ozone creation potential, with its photochemical ozone creation potential of α-terpinene, β-pinene, 3-carene being 145.77, 90.15 and 94.63, respectively. And, finally, the α-terpinene proves to contribute to the creation of photochemical ozone in the atmosphere.

关 键 词：环境学 单萜烯 质量浓度日变化 臭氧生成潜势 排放速率 油松 

分 类 号：X131.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]