气体模型对再入飞行器气动力热环境影响的数值研究  

Thermal and chemical gas models effect on the simulation of aerodynamic force and heating for reentry vehicles

作　　者：任淑杰[1] 张收运[1] 董龙雷[1] 闫桂荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学,西安710049

出　　处：《应用力学学报》2011年第3期288-293,328,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics

摘　　要：复杂外形再入飞行器的设计,需对气动力热环境进行预测,由于不同的气体模型会对预测的结果产生影响,所以气动设计时就必须考虑这一影响。采用热化学平衡气体模型和双温度热化学非平衡气体模型对复杂外形再入飞行器的气动力热环境进行了数值计算;分析了气体模型对气动力、壁面热流等值线、驻点线平动温度、振动温度、组分质量分数等特征量的影响。结果表明:在激波处及激波层内采用双温度热化学非平衡气体模型的平动温度最高,热化学平衡气体模型的温度次之,双温度热化学非平衡气体模型的振动温度最低;双温度热化学非平衡气体模型子午面的热流密度比热化学平衡气体模型稍高,其中返回舱肩部相差最大,最大差别为25.02%;返回舱肩部热流比较大,结构设计时热防护问题突出;两种气体模型计算的气动力接近,其中气动力系数差别最大为4.2%。因此可以用热化学平衡气体模型来代替双温度热化学非平衡气体模型进行气动力计算,以使问题简化。During the design of complex reentry vehicles,it is important to predict the aerodynamic force and heating.But different results may be obtained while using different thermal and chemical gas models in the numerical simulation.So the effect of gas models on the aerodynamic force and heating must be taken into account.This paper focuses on the aerodynamic force and heating of complex reentry vehicles varying with the thermo-chemical equilibrium gas model and the two-temperature thermo-chemical non-equilibrium gas model.The aerodynamic force,the contours of wall heat transfer rate,the translational temperature,the vibrational temperature and the mass fraction of species at stagnation line of different gas models are discussed.The results obtained reveal that at the shock layer the translational temperature of the two-temperature thermo-chemical non-equilibrium gas model is higher than the temperature of thermo-chemical equilibrium gas model,but the vibrational temperature of the two-temperature thermo-chemical non-equilibrium gas model is the lowest;the wall heat transfer rate of the two-temperature thermo-chemical non-equilibrium gas model is higher than the wall heat transfer rate of thermo-chemical equilibrium gas model and the maximum difference of wall heat transfer rate is at the shoulder of the capsule which is 25.02%;the wall heat transfer rate of the shoulder is very large,which causes the issue of thermal protection serious;the aerodynamic force are close to each other and the maximum difference of aerodynamic force is 4.2%,so the thermo-chemical equilibrium gas model can be used to replace the two-temperature thermo-chemical non-equilibrium gas model for the simulation of aerodynamic force.

关 键 词：再入飞行器 热化学平衡气体模型 双温度热化学非平衡气体模型 气动力 气动热 

分 类 号：V211.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]