潞安矿区煤矸石山水土流失特征及植被恢复关键技术  

Study on characteristics of soil and water loss and key technologies of vegetation restoration at coal gangue dumps in Lu'an mining area

作　　者：于桂芬 吴祥云[2] 杨亚平 牛昕 王彪 

机构地区：[1]山西潞安矿业集团有限公司林业处,山西长治046204 [2]辽宁工程技术大学资源与环境工程学院,辽宁阜新123000

出　　处：《辽宁工程技术大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第2期244-246,共3页Journal of Liaoning Technical University (Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30671669);辽宁省"百千万人才工程"资助项目(2009921105)

摘　　要：为了有效解决煤矸石山的生态恢复治理,采用径流小区观测法研究了风化煤矸石山水土流失变化特征及植被恢复,结果表明:裸露或植被稀少的矸石山边坡、林地边坡径流量分别与30 min雨强、45 min雨强最相关;沿坡长方向从上到下土壤抗冲指数呈现出先减小后增大的趋势;植物根系丰富,边坡比裸露边坡土壤抗冲性强;煤矸石山植被恢复成功的关键技术措施是细致整地、改良土壤,选择抗旱耐瘠薄植物种,确定适宜的栽植密度。研究成果为矿区废弃地有效治理提供了科学依据。In order to effectively improve the ecological restoration and management of coal gangue dumps,this study investigated the variation characteristics of soil and water loss at weathered coal gangue dumps by the means of runoff plot observation.The study shows that there are correlations between the runoff of bare coal gangue dump slope and 30min rainfall intensity,the runoff of forest land slope and 45min rainfall intensity.Soil anti-scouring index along slope downward direction presents a tendency of decrease initially and then increase gradually.Anti-scouring performance of slope with abundant plant roots is better than that of bare slope.Key technologies of vegetation restoration at coal gangue dumps include painstaking site preparation,soil improvement,the selection of anti-drought and impoverishment resistant species,and the determination of suitable planting density.The study provides a scientific basis for effective management of mining wastelands.

关 键 词：煤矸石山 生态恢复 水土流失 抗冲击指数 植被恢复 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]