近红外光谱技术在赛前蹼泳训练中的应用与评价  

Application and evaluation of near infrared reflectance spectroscopy on fin swimming training before the competition

作　　者：张腾[1] 徐国栋[2] 王超英[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉体育学院研究生院,湖北武汉430079 [2]江汉大学体育学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《新乡医学院学报》2011年第3期272-275,共4页Journal of Xinxiang Medical University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:30770554);国家体育总局课题(编号:09B003)

摘　　要：目的利用近红外光谱(NIRS)技术检测蹼泳运动训练中肌氧含量的变化,指导赛前训练,为在比赛中取得优异成绩奠定基础。方法选取优秀蹼泳运动员10名,其中男4名,女6名。运动员在功率自行车上做递增负荷运动,结合NIRS肌氧监测仪、MAX-II心肺功能仪对运动员进行监测,分析骨骼肌内氧合血红蛋白(HbO2)、摄氧量(VO2)、二氧化碳呼出量(VCO2)和血乳酸(LA)之间的关系,并分析最大摄氧量(VO2max)、相对VO2max、乳酸阈(LT)、通气阈(VT)与运动成绩之间的关系。结果运动开始后,骨骼肌中的血容量逐渐上升,而HbO2含量逐渐下降,随着运动负荷的递增和时间的延长HbO2下降显著,当到达"氧离解拐点"时,HbO2持续下降。运动初期VO2曲线位于VCO2曲线上方,随着运动负荷逐级递增后,VO2和VCO2曲线随之上升,当到呼吸商拐点时,VCO2曲线超过VO2曲线。运动初期血LA值缓慢上升,到达LT拐点后,血LA值急剧上升。运动员HbO2含量与VO2和LA均呈现高度相关(P<0.01);运动员的VO2max、VT、LT值与运动成绩的显著相关(P<0.01)。结论 NIRS技术对监测运动员训练效果具有重要的指导意义,可将肌氧含量监测应用于蹼泳运动员训练中,指导赛前训练,预测运动成绩。Objective Changes in muscle oxygen content in fin swimming training were detected by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy（NIRS）,to instruct the training before competition and to provide basis for gaining outstand achievements in the game.Methods Ten best fin swimmers were selected,in which four male and six female.The athletes were monitored with NIRS muscle oxygen monitor,MAX-II heart and lung function instrument when they to do increasing load exercise by the power bike.The relationship of oxyhemoglobin（HbO2）,volume of oxygen uptake（VO2）,volume of carbon dioxide output（VCO2） and lactic acid（LA） were analyzed,and the relationship of maximal oxygen uptake（VO2max）,relative VO2max,lactate threshold（LT）,ventilatory threshold（VT） and sports achievement were analyzed.Results Blood volume increased and HbO2 decreased gradually in skeletal muscle at movement began,HbO2 decreased significantly with increasing load exercise,HbO2 continued to decline when movement reached ＂the oxygen dissociation turning point＂.VO2 curve was above VCO2 curve at the early exercise,VO2 and VCO2 curve were rising with the increasing load exercise,VCO2 curve was exceed VO2 curve when movement reached ＂the respiratory quotient inflection point＂.The value of blood LA was increased slowly at the initial movement,and it was increased dramatically after movement reached LT inflection point.The content of HbO2 and VO2 and LA showed high correlation（P0.01）;The value of VO2max,VT,LT and sport performance showed significantly correlated（P0.01）.Conclusion NIRS technology has important significance for monitoring training effect of athletes.Monitoring of muscle oxygen content can be used in fin swimmers training,to instruction the training before competition and to prediction sports performance.

关 键 词：近红外光谱技术 肌氧含量 有氧能力 

分 类 号：G861.1[文化科学—体育训练]