海河流域典型区域水面蒸发规律试验研究  

Experiment on water surface evaporation rule in typical area of Haihe River basin

作　　者：胡剑[1,2] 高学睿[1] 刘家宏[1] 秦大庸[1] 舒大兴[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院水资源所,北京100038 [2]河海大学水文水资源学院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《水资源与水工程学报》2011年第3期17-21,共5页Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering

基　　金：国家重点基础发展研究计划项目(973)(2006CB403401);国家自然科学基金创新群体研究基金(51021006)

摘　　要：水面蒸发是表征流域水文循环的重要指标。依据主成分分析原理以及统计学相关分析方法,对海河流域中部平原区的水面蒸发试验观测数据进行分析。结果表明:气温和风速是影响该地区水面蒸发的主要因子。在月时间尺度上,日均水面蒸发量和气温具有的显著的正相关性,而在日时间尺度上与蒸发量的相关性不明显;风速无论在月时间尺度还是在日时间尺度上都与水面蒸发量呈显著的正相关性。此外,风速对蒸发量影响的大小还与蒸发量的基础值有关,基础值越大,风速对其的影响越大。最后,根据观测得到的昼、夜蒸发量数据分析了水面蒸发量的昼夜组成,数据显示该地区昼蒸发量和夜蒸发量的差别不大,分别占日蒸发量的52.2%和47.8%。Water surface evaporation is an important indicator of hydrological cycle in specific watershed.Based on the principle of main component analysis and statistical correlation analysis method,the water surface evaporation data was analyzed in the central plain of Haihe River basin.The results showed that air temperature and wind speed were the dominated factors effecting water surface evaporation in this area.In monthly scale,there was significant positive correlation between daily mean water surface evaporation and air temperature,however in daily scale,the correlation between daily mean water surface evaporation and air temperature was not marked.In time scale of either month or day,there was significant positive correlations between water surface evaporation and wind speed.Meanwhile,the effect of wind speed on evaporation is depended on the initial value of water surface evaporation,the bigger the value is,the greater the effect of wind speed on evaporation is.At last,according to the diurnal evaporation and nightly evaporation data,a conclusion is drawn that there is no distinct difference in the proportions of diurnal evaporation（52.2%） and nightly evaporation（47.8%） in total daily evaporation.

关 键 词：水面蒸发 主成分分析方法 统计学相关分析方法 气温 风速 海河流域 

分 类 号：P332.2[天文地球—水文科学]