济南市18岁及以上人群精神障碍流行病学抽样调查  

Epidemiological sampling survey of mental disorders in populations aged 18 years and above in Jinan

作　　者：孟广彦[1] 赵长英[1] 陈贞娥[1] 孟淑贤 侯庆香 郝宝利 刘俊[1] 王守丽[1] 宁静[1] 吕静 史守月 窦秀云[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省济南市精神卫生中心,250032 [2]山东省章丘市精神卫生中心 [3]山东省长清区精神卫生中心 [4]山东省历城区精神卫生防治中心

出　　处：《精神医学杂志》2011年第3期176-179,共4页Journal of Psychiatry

基　　金：美国中华医学基金会(Small Grants program #02-777)

摘　　要：目的了解济南市18岁及以上人群精神障碍的患病率及分布特点。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,随机抽取≥18岁人群4 800人,由精神科护士用扩展的一般健康问卷(GHQ-12)进行筛查,将调查对象分为精神障碍高、中、低危险组,然后由精神科医生用美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册(DSM-IV)轴Ⅰ障碍定式临床检查患者版对不同比例的高、中和低危人群进行调查,做出有无精神障碍的判断及具体诊断。结果完成调查4 774人,调整后精神障碍总的现患率23.14%。各类精神障碍现患率由高到低依次为焦虑障碍(7.39%)、心境障碍(7.29%)、物质使用(酒精)精神障碍(3.73%)、精神分裂症和其他精神病性障碍(1.47%)。城市居民精神障碍的现患率(21.06%)较农村(15.16%)为高。男性(27.87%)较女性(18.51%)为高。济南(23.14%)较同时参加本次调查的山东省内其他城市青岛(21.96%)、潍坊(17.03%)、枣庄(12.02%)为高。结论精神卫生问题,特别是焦虑障碍、重性抑郁障碍、心境恶劣障碍、酒精使用障碍和精神分裂症,已成为城市突出的公共卫生问题。Objective To investigate the prevalence and distribution of mental disorders in adults aged 18 years and above in Jinan. Methods Stratified, multi - stage randomized cluster sampling was used to identify 4800 individuals aged 18 years and above in Jinan. Subjects were classified as high, moderate and low risk of having mental disorders based on an expanded version of the General Health Questionnaire （GHQ- 12） administered by psychiatric nurses ,and then investigated by psychiatrists to determine whether they were suffering mental disorders and to make the diagnosis using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM - Ⅳ Axis Ⅰ Disorders - Patient Edition （ SCID - I/P）. Results Among the 4774 who completed the screening, the global prevalence of current mental disorder was 23. 14% after the adjustment. The prevalence of each disorders were as follows ：7.39% for anxiety disorders,7.29% for mood disorders, 3.73% for substance use disorders, 1.47% for schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. The prevalence of mental disorder was significantly higher in urban than that in rural residents （21.06% vs. 15.16%, P 〈 0.01 ）, and also significantly higher in males than in females （27.87% vs. 18.51% ,P 〈 0.01 ）. Prevalence of mental disorders were higher in Jinan （23.14%） than that in other cities such as Qingdao （21.96%） ,Weifang （ 17.03% ） and Zaozhuang （ 12.02% ）. Conclusion Mental health issues, especially anxiety disorders, major depression, dysthymia, alcohol abuse and related disorders, schizophrenia, has become prominent public health problems in Jinan.

关 键 词：精神障碍 患病率 济南 现况调查 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]