云南腾冲上新统Cinnamomum cf.camphora叶形态和表皮微细构造研究  

LEAF MORPHOLOGY AND CUTICULAR MICROSTRUCTURE OF CINNAMOMUM CF. CAMPHORA FROM THE PLIOCENE OF TENGCHONG,YUNNAN

作　　者：刀克群[1,2] 解三平[1] 孙柏年[1] 吴靖宇[1,2] 林志成[1] 何文龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院,兰州730000 [2]现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室,中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所,南京210008

出　　处：《古生物学报》2011年第2期240-250,共11页Acta Palaeontologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:40772012,40802008);高等学校博士学科点专项基金(编号:200807301005,20100211110019);现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所)开放基金(编号:103108);“中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金”自由探索项目(编号:lzujbky-2009-132)资助

摘　　要：化石采自云南腾冲上新统芒棒组。通过对比叶结构和角质层微细构造特征,从宏观和微观两个角度将化石鉴定为樟科植物樟(相似种)Cinnamomum cf.camphora(L.)Presl。化石叶片为卵状椭圆形,基部宽楔形,全缘,离基三出脉;上表皮无气孔器,表皮细胞为不规则四边形或多边形;下表皮细胞为不规则多边形,脉络上可见少量单细胞毛基,下表皮具短平列型气孔器,2个保卫细胞肾形,副卫细胞1-2个。同时对采自云南昆明,湖北武汉和浙江宁海三个地区的Cinnamomum camphora毛基密度做研究。发现毛基密度受太阳辐射和年降雨量的影响较大,与太阳辐射强度呈正相关,而与年降雨量呈负相关。与其现存最近亲缘种Cinnamomum camphora相比,化石的毛基密度较高,推测主要受到太阳辐射的影响,即腾冲地区上新世时太阳辐射强度比现在强。The Camphor Tree Cinnamomum camphora（L.）Presl [Lauraceae] is a graceful,pleasantly scented and familiar native tree of southern China and neighbouring regions of S.E.Asia.It is of economic importance,especially historically,and is widely planted in Chinese cities and open spaces today.It has a well documented fossil record from the Tertiary not only of China and S.E.Asia but also from elsewhere.The present paper describes a new leaf record from the Pliocene of Yunnan,of material very similar in its leaf architecture and epidermal characters to the living species but not identical,and which we therefore refer to as C.cf.camphora.Amongst the many microscopic features of the epidermal cuticle,single celled trichomes [hairs] occur over the veins.Our study of the trichome density in extant C.camphora from three collection localities（Kunming in Yunnan,Ninghai in Zhejiang,and Wuhan in Hubei）shows that trichome density has a positive correlation with solar radiation intensity and a negative one with annual rainfall.Compared to its nearest living relative,C.camphora,the new fossil material had a higher trichome density,indicating that it probably grew under conditions of more intense sunlight in the Pliocene of central western Yunnan than exists there today.

关 键 词：CINNAMOMUM 毛基密度 太阳辐射强度 古环境 上新世 云南腾冲 

分 类 号：Q914[天文地球—古生物学与地层学]