通行能力约束下的弹性需求交通投影动态演化模型  

Projected Dynamical Evolutionary Traffic Model with Traffic Capacity Constraints Considering Elastic Demand

作　　者：何胜学[1] 李秋曼[1] 何建佳[1] 徐福缘[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海理工大学管理学院,上海200093

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2011年第7期124-130,共7页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(70672110);上海市(第三期)重点学科项目(S30504);上海市优秀青年教师基金项目(slg08018);上海市教委科技创新项目(10YS105);上海理工大学博士启动基金项目(1D-00-307005)

摘　　要：利用投影动态系统理论建立了具有路段通行能力约束的弹性需求交通网络动态演化模型。通过分析节点路段处交通流量与出行阻抗关系,揭示了出行者在网络局部对出行路线进行调整的决策过程,并分别建立了有通行能力约束的路段流量更新方程和弹性交通需求下的节点最短行程时间估计方程。通过在整个网络上整合上述两类方程,得到最终的交通网络投影动态演化系统。通过分析该动态系统的稳态特征,揭示了由网络局部的阶段性路线调整行为出发,最终涌现出行者在网络宏观层面选择最短路径出行的行为机理。结合具体的建构模型过程,给出了一个时间离散化的动力系统演化模拟及系统稳态求解算法。通过设计阶梯式的收敛指标提高了模型逼近系统稳态的速度。最后用算例验证了模型算法的有效性。A dynamic traffic network evolutionary model with elastic traffic demands and constraints of link traffic capacity was proposed through using projected dynamical systems theory.Through analyzing the relationship between traffic flow and travel impedance at nodes and on links,the procedure of adjusting travel routes locally on a traffic network was uncovered.At the same time,the equations of link flow updating with traffic capacity constraints and the reiterated estimation equations of the shortest travel time with respect to nodes and elastic traffic demands were constructed.Through combining these equations over the whole network,the final projected dynamic traffic network evolutionary system was built.Through analyzing the characteristics of the steady state of the final evolutionary system,the behavioral mechanism that choosing the shortest paths to travel on macro network level from the local and gradual route adjustment was discovered.By making use of the modeling process,a discrete-time simulation method that can be used to search the steady states of the dynamical systems was presented.The speed of approaching the steady state was improved through designing ladder-style convergence indices.A numeral example was given to prove the validity and efficiency of the dynamical model and related algorithm.

关 键 词：交通工程 交通流分配 投影动态系统 网络均衡 变分不等式 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]