烟台市二熟制粮食生产技术体系的研究  

Research on technology of grain production under double-cropping system in Yantai City

作　　者：于凯[1,2] 张曰秋[1] 韩守良[1] 慕美财[1] 单玉珊[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学(烟台),烟台264670 [2]山东省烟台市农技推广中心,烟台264001

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2011年第4期848-853,共6页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：中国粮食与食物安全研究中心项目资助

摘　　要：为合理配置光、热、种等资源,确保资源高效利用,实现小麦-玉米二熟制周期粮食高产,在分析山东省烟台市龙口、莱州超高产试验基点气象资料的基础上,提出了在现有基础上将小麦播期适当推迟,尽量把≥16℃的有效温度让给玉米,充分挖掘生育期较长玉米品种的增产潜力,作为二熟制小麦-玉米超高产栽培的主攻方向的观点。并设计筛选出两套分别适用于麦田套种或两茬平播的二熟制技术体系,且经过试验把相应的适宜品种纳入体系。3年实施结果表明,龙口地区宜以10月10日→10月10日为周期的(迟中播小麦/套种中晚熟玉米)二熟制技术体系,莱州宜以10月15日→10月15日为周期的(晚播独秆小麦-直播中晚熟玉米)二熟制技术体系来进行高产小麦-玉米栽培。莱州、龙口两地试验田栽培表明,周年单产始终保持在21 000 kg.hm-2以上;最后一年达到≥22 500 kg.hm-2的预期产量;另有小面积(0.074 hm2)试验田周年单产高达24 792 kg.hm-2。实践证明,形成的二熟制技术体系,较好地配置了烟台地区的光、热、种资源,充分发挥了当地的潜在生产力。Yantai（a city in Shandong Province） is a strong base for winter wheat-maize double-copping system.A previous dou-ble-copping system experiment involving single-stem late wheat intercropped with late-maturing maize in Longkou（a county of Yantai City） yielded 22 770 kg·hm 2.Other studies have reported grain yields excess of 22 500 kg·hm 2 in North China.For various reasons,however,replicating these experiments at field scales has not been feasible.As one of the first institutions to develop su-per-high-yield experiments,the Grain and Food Safety Research Center of China Agricultural University was founded in July 2004 in Yantai City,Shandong Province,at where we conducted a 3-year experiment on high-yield technology system of double-cropping system.Based on weather analysis in Longkou and Laizhou Counties of Yantai City,where super-high-yield experiments were first conducted,this paper put forward a new research direction that makes rational use of the abundant light,heat and species resources in Yantai for high-yield wheat-maize double copping system.The strategy delayed the sowing time of wheat to get the effective tem-perature（≥16 ？C） for maize to fully exploit yield potential of longer growth period maize varieties.Two modes of double-cropping system cultivation techniques with suitable improved varieties were designed and selected.Based on the design,Longkou was best fitted for a double-copping system of mid-late wheat intercropped with mid-late maturing maize with Oct.10 → Oct.10 crop-rotation periods.Laizhou,on the other hand,was best fitted for double-copping system of single-stem late wheat variety mixed with mid-late maturing maize with Oct.15 → Oct.15 crop-rotation periods.Furthermore,the corresponding suitable varieties were incorporated into the experiments.The results of the double-copping system experiments were as follows： Longkou was suitable for the mid-late wheat ＂Liangxing 99＂ intercropped the mid-late maturing maize ＂Jinhai No.5＂ of double-copping system with Oct

关 键 词：烟台市 小麦-玉米二熟制 粮食超高产 光热种资源 晚播 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]