主角情绪和时间信息对情境模型加工的影响  

The Effect of Protagonist's Emotion and Time Information Representation on the Situation Model Process

作　　者：鲁忠义[1] 马红霞[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学教育学院,石家庄050091 [2]河北联合大学心理学院,唐山063000

出　　处：《心理学报》2011年第7期763-770,共8页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(04BYY008)资助

摘　　要：采用移动窗口技术探讨了情境模型加工中主角情绪与时间转换因素对情境模型加工的影响。实验1采用单因素被试内设计,结果显示,关键句的阅读时间模式为:放松-放松=担心-放松<放松-担心=担心-担心。实验2采用4×2两因素被试内设计,结果在担心-担心模式下大的时间转换比小的时间转换的阅读时间长,而时间转换因素对于主角情绪状态是担心-放松、放松-放松和放松-担心模式的加工没有影响。实验结果表明,读者在阅读语篇时实时追踪主角的情绪状态,出现了部分的情绪转换效应。阅读中读者体验到的积极的情绪状态有利于情境模型的建构,相反,体验到的消极的情绪状态会妨碍情境模型的建构。时间转换因素在一定程度上影响了对主角情绪状态的加工,主角担心-担心的情绪状态在大的时间转换条件下,前后两种相同的消极情绪可能会产生一种叠加效应,使读者的情境模型加工更加困难;而在小的时间转换条件下,读者对从放松转向担心的情绪状态的加工会花费更多的认知资源。Text comprehension is a process that people construct mental representation of the information the text described. The mechanism of text comprehension has always been a hot issue for cognitive psychologists. Recently, in the study of text comprehension, the mechanism of situation model processing has been focused on. Situation model, the deep-seated mental representation during reader＇s reading comprehension, includes five dimensions： temporality, spatiality, causality, intentionality, and protagonist. Most psychological experts have agreed that the construction and processing of situational model result from the interaction of the five dimensions. Although the protagonist＇s emotions play a very important role in the construction and processing of situational model, there are only a few experimental studies on it so far. Therefore the primary purpose of this study is to explore the mechanism of the protagonist＇s emotion in the processing of situation model. Former research on the temporality dimension has mainly focused on the representation of temporal shift or temporal distance from a single dimension. Actually, construction and update of the situation model are influenced by multiple dimensions. So the second purpose of this study is to combine the factors of protagonist＇s emotions with temporal shift, so as to explore the effect of protagonist＇s emotions and time information representation on the situation model process. A hundred and twenty college students have participated in this study, forty in experiment group 1, and eighty in experiment group 2. Through moving window and recording the reading time of the critical sentence, experiment 1 was designed to explore the functions of protagonist＇s emotions, experiment 2 to explore the functions of protagonist＇s emotions and temporal shift on situation model processing. Using E-Prime software on Legend Computer, experiment 1 is single-factor within-subjects design, experiment 2 is 4 × 2 within-subjects design. The subjects are required to

关 键 词：情境模型 主角情绪 时间转换 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]