不同来源水溶性有机物光谱学特性研究  

Study on spectra characteristics of dissolved organic matters from different sources

作　　者：王威[1] 李成[1] 魏自民[1] 何小松[2] 李鸣晓[1] 耿春茂[1] 胡春明[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学生命科学学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]北京师范大学环境学院,北京100875

出　　处：《东北农业大学学报》2011年第6期135-140,共6页Journal of Northeast Agricultural University

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2007BAD87B03)(2009BADC2B04)

摘　　要：利用紫外光谱法和荧光光谱法研究了鸡粪、厨余、植物、污泥各自好养堆肥腐熟产品水溶性有机物的光谱特性。结果表明,4个堆肥产品的紫外SUVA254值由大到小的顺序为:鸡粪(14.13)、厨余(6.53)、植物(6.50)、污泥(3.97);4个产品的ABS285值由大到小的顺序为:鸡粪(116)、厨余(59.67)、植物(54)、污泥(40.33);在各样品的同步荧光光谱中,鸡粪主峰位于389 nm、厨余位于382 nm、植物位于355 nm、污泥样品没有明显的主峰,其短波长278 nm处类蛋白基团占发光基团的比例较其他3种样品高。紫外光谱和同步荧光光谱均表明腐殖化程度最高的堆肥产品为鸡粪,其次为厨余和植物,腐殖化程度最低的为污泥;在发射荧光光谱中,4个产品均在430 nm左右出现最大荧光峰;在激发荧光光谱中,鸡粪和厨余堆肥产品390 nm处的荧光峰为主峰;三维光谱表明,4个样品均出现两种类富里酸荧光峰。其中鸡粪的可见区类富里酸荧光强度最大,污泥最低,鸡粪样品含结构简单的类蛋白物质最少,污泥最多。经过分析比较,在4种不同来源的堆肥产品中,鸡粪产品对土壤腐殖质含量的提高最有益处,其次为厨余、植物,最后为污泥。This study applied ultraviolet spectra and fluorescence spectra methods and investigated the spectral characters of DOM from compost maturity matters of chicken manure,kitchen waste,plants and sludge.The results showed that the four samples＇ ultraviolet SUVA254 values order from big to small as followed,chicken manure（14.13）,kitchen waste（6.53）,plant（6.50）,and sludge（3.97）.The ABS285 showed chicken manure（116）,kitchen waste（59.67）,plant（54）,and sludge（40.33）.In synchronous fluorescence spectra,chicken manure＇s main peak position at 389 nm;kitchen waste＇s main peak position at 382 nm;plant＇s main peak position at 355 nm,sludge sample showed no apparent main peak,but its percentage of protein-like fluorescence group at 278 nm of short wavelength was the highest in the four samples.Both ultraviolet spectra and fluorescence spectra indicated that chicken manure had the highest humification degree,the lowers were kitchen waste and plant,sludge had the lowest humification degree.In fluorescence emission spectra,fluorescence peaks of the four samples all lied in 430 nm around.In fluorescence excitation spectras of chicken manure and kitchen waste samples,the fluorescence main peaks both lied in 390 nm.The 3DEEM spectra indicated all the four samples were mainly composed oftwo fulvic-like acid peaks.Among the four samples,the fluorescence intensity of chicken manure sample＇s visible fulvic-like acid peak was the highest.The lowest one was sludge sample.The content of protein-like matter of simple structure in chicken manure was the least.The content of sludge was the most.By comparsion and analysis,the chicken sample was the best one to improve humic matter of soil,the second one was kitchen waste sample,the third one was plant sample,amd the last one was sludge sample.

关 键 词：堆肥 水溶性有机物 紫外光谱 荧光光谱 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]