不同冬剪强度对乔化富士苹果成花、枝条组成和结果的影响  

Effect of Winter Pruning on Flowering,Shoot-type Composing and Fruiting on Fiji Apple Trees

作　　者：李敏敏[1] 安贵阳[1] 张雯[1] 郭燕[1] 赵政阳[1] 杨建锋[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学苹果试验站,陕西白水715600

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2011年第5期126-129,共4页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：陕西省"13115"科技创新工程(2008ZDGC-01)

摘　　要：以15a生的乔化富士苹果为试验材料,研究不修剪、20%、30%、40%和50%冬季修剪量处理对树体生长和结果的影响。结果表明,在0～50%修剪量范围内,随着修剪量的加大,成花量降低,但坐果率增加;50%的修剪量处理引起枝条旺长,使中长枝比例增加,短枝比例减少;可溶性固形物含量、花青苷和抗坏血酸含量均随着修剪量的增大而升高,但果实可滴定酸含量降低,果实表面光洁指数先增加后降低,30%修剪量处理的果实整体表现较好的品质;30%的修剪量处理两年都保持较高的产量,不修剪和50%修剪量处理的产量出现较大波动。乔化富士适宜的修剪量应为总枝量的30%左右,同时应合理配置长、中、短枝比例。The effect of different degree of pruning（0,20%,30%,40% and 50%） in winter on growing and fruiting was conducted on 15 year-old Fuji apple trees.The results showed that flower quantity was decreased,but fruit setting rate was increased when pruning degree was increased（0-50%）.Cutting 50% total shoots stimulated tree growth more vigorously,percentage of middle and long shoots was increased,but percentage of fruiting shoots decreased.The soluble solids,anthocyanin,and Vc content increased when pruning degree was increased,but titratable acid content in fruit decreased.Fruit clearness index and yield increased firstly and then decreased,and high yield was obtained in the 30% pruning treatments for the two years.Yield fluctuated largely on non-pruning and 50% pruning treatments.So the suitable pruning quality is cutting 30% total shoots,besides,the suitable proportions of long,middle and short shoots is needed.

关 键 词：苹果 修剪量 枝类构成 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]