桃、油桃自由授粉后代基因性状分离趋势  

Distribution Tendency on Genetic Traits in Progeny of Open-pollinated Peach and Nectarine(Prunus persica)

作　　者：王艳梅[1] 韩玉虎[2] 董冰[2] 田歌[3] 田建保[2] 尼古拉.安 

机构地区：[1]山西省农业科学院作物科学研究所,山西太原030032 [2]山西省农业科学院果树研究所,山西太谷030815 [3]山西省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,山西太原030032

出　　处：《山西农业科学》2011年第7期640-644,654,共6页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：分析了22个桃、油桃自由授粉组合F1的2 584单系14个基因性状的分离趋势。与普通油桃品种相比,由矮化基因(dw)控制的短枝油桃品种红优(Red Fantastic)和红丰(Red Prolific)的F1油桃实生苗比率高。美瞬(Fairtime)是传递"两极"(极早或极晚)开花、成熟及大果性状的理想亲本;而红顶(Redtop)、温勃(Win-blo)及莱吉(Regina)F1中可获得早熟单系;除美瞬外,海维(Havis)和法耶(Fayette)也是选育大果后代的理想亲本。早亨利(EarlyO’Henry)和美味(Flavortop)品种传递红色果的遗传力强;通常血肉(blood flesh)型果在油桃的F1中出现的几率高于桃的F1,但在短枝型油桃的F1中少见,在白肉类型亲本的F1中极罕见。圆形果明显多于其他3种类型;美味、哈克(Jacquotte)和大都(Tatura Noon)传递优良风味性状的趋势强,而且在大都的F1中,有硬肉(stony-hard)型果实;红顶和美味是选育丰产型单株的理想亲本,而果实品质优异的优系可在飞红(Red free)和美味F1中获得。黏核和半离核亲本通常产生黏核后代,离核亲本产生离核后代;米莉(Millicent)和飞红及短枝型品种是培育紧凑型树形的首选亲本。14 genetic traits of 2 584 open-pollinated seedlings obtained from 22 commercial peach and nectarines were analyzed.Brachytic dwarf（dw） cultivars Red Fantastic and Red Prolific produced more nectarine seedlings than standard nectarine cultivars.Fairtime efficiently transmitted both extreme blooming and ripening traits.For early ripening seedlings,Redtop,Winblo and Regina were suitable parents,while large-fruit parents were Fairtime,Havis and Fayette.Early O＇Henry and Flavortop introduced high degree red color in their progeny.The＂Blood flesh＂ type variety was however more frequently in nectarine than in peach seedlings,less in brachytic dwarf and rare in white flesh seedlings.Round shape was dominant over the other three types.Top flavor selections were expected in the progeny of Flavortop,Jacquotte and Tatura Noon,and the latter could also produce the＂stony-hard＂ type variety fruit seedlings.High cropping seedlings were obtained from Retop,Falvortop progenies,and excellent quality seedlings were found in the progeny of Redfree and Fairtime.Clingstone and semi-free stone cultivars produced more clingstone seedlings,while freestone parents more freestone seedlings.Millicent and Redfree were proper parents for plant vigor control in its progeny,and brachytic dwarf types as well.

关 键 词：李属 桃 油桃 自由授粉 遗传 

分 类 号：S662.103.2[农业科学—果树学]