利用C基因组DNA和C_0t-1 DNA对药用野生稻、大颖野生稻基因组的比较分析  

Comparative Analysis of Oryza officinalis and Oryza grandiglumis with C-genomic DNA and C_0t-1 DNA Probes

作　　者：段峰森[1] 刘虹[1] 陈雁[1] 覃瑞[1] 李刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南民族大学生命科学学院/南方少数民族地区生物资源保护与综合利用联合工程中心,武汉430074

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2011年第12期2548-2552,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金项目(2008CDB392);中南民族大学自然科学基金项目(yzz08005)

摘　　要：采用药用野生稻C基因组DNA及C0t-1 DNA为探针,分别对药用野生稻(CC)自身和大颖野生稻(CCDD)体细胞染色体进行了基因组原位杂交(GISH)和荧光原位杂交(FISH)分析。利用C基因组DNA探针进行分析显示,药用野生稻24条染色体都被杂交信号覆盖;而在大颖野生稻中可区分为24条CC型染色体(杂交信号较强)和24条DD型染色体(杂交信号较弱)。以C基因组C0t-1 DNA探针进行分析显示,在药用野生稻染色体的端粒、着丝粒、近着丝粒区域有很强的杂交信号,而大颖野生稻中也有24条染色体在这些区域红色杂交信号较强,另24条染色体的杂交信号很弱。表明利用C基因组DNA和C0t-1 DNA为探针的GISH和FISH技术,都能很好地将大颖野生稻C、D染色体组区分开,C和D基因组亲缘关系较远,二者具有不同起源。与药用野生稻C基因组相比,大颖野生稻C基因组出现了一些分化。这些都为研究大颖野生稻C和D染色体组起源,探讨异源四倍体进化机制奠定了基础。The somatic chromosomes prepared from O.officinalis（CC） and O.grandiglumis（CCDD） were compared by GISH the fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis method.In the GISH experiment with C-genomic DNA for probe,24 chromosomes of O.officinalis were entirely covered with hybridization signals;while 48 chromosomes of O.grandiglumis were divided into two groups： 24 C-genomic chromosomes were almost covered by red hybridization signals and the other 24 D-genomic chromosomes were covered by less and weak red hybridization signals.In the FISH experiment with C-genomic C0t-1 DNA for probe,all O.officinalis chromosomes＇ telomeres,centromere and near centromere were covered by the strong red hybridization signals;while the similar area on 24 chromosomes of O.grandiglumis were modestly covered by red hybridization signals,which should be C-genomic chromosomes.The other 24 chromosomes had less red hybridization signals should be D-genomic chromosomes of O.grandiglumis.The above results showed that C and D genome chromosomes could be distinguished easily by FISH with C-genomic DNA and C0t-1 DNA for probes,the C and D genomes had different derivation.Compared with C-genome of O.officinalis,many change would had taken place on the C-genomic chromosomes of O.grandiglumis.All the phenomena laid a theoretical foundation for revealing the origination of C and D genomes and evolutionary mechanism of the allotetroploid.

关 键 词：药用野生稻 大颖野生稻 C0T-1 DNA 荧光原位杂交 基因组原位杂交 异源四倍体 

分 类 号：Q813.4[生物学—生物工程]