蛛网膜下腔出血性脑损伤及其修复机制的研究现状与展望  

The present status and prospect of brain injury and repair following subarachnoid hemorrhage

作　　者：宋锦宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学医学院第一附属医院神经外科,陕西西安710061

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报（医学版）》2011年第4期397-403,共7页Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University（Medical Sciences）

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划"863计划"基金资助项目(No.2006AA02Z4Z4);国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.30870844);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助项目(No.NCET-05-0831)~~

摘　　要：蛛网膜下腔出血(subarachnoid hemorrhage,SAH)引起的脑损伤及修复机制的研究取得了明显的进展。SAH后脑损伤的炎症瀑布学说、皮层传播抑制、大血管痉挛致脑缺血学说、微循环障碍学说、神经元微环境改变等研究表明,SAH后脑损伤是多种病理过程共同导致的神经元细胞功能障碍或凋亡,而神经保护因子的释放在机体自我保护修复机制中起重要作用。在临床治疗方面,脑脊液外引流及钙离子通道阻滞剂、氧自由基清除剂、纤溶酶原激活剂、内皮素受体抑制剂、钾离子通道激活剂等在临床或动物实验中显著改善了脑血管痉挛,提高了SAH患者的预后。The research on brain injury caused by subarachnoid hemorrhage（SAH） and repair mechanism has made significant progress.Many studies,including inflammation cascade effect theory,spread cortical inhibition theory,theory of ischemia induced by large vascular spasm,micro-circulation dysfunction theory,and theory of changes in the neuron-microenvironment,have shown that brain injury is a complicated pathological process caused by neuronal cell dysfunction or apoptosis.However,the release of neuroprotective factors plays an important role in self-repair.In clinical treatment,drainage of cerebrospinal fluid,calcium channel blockers,oxygen free radical scavengers,plasminogen activator,endothelin receptor blockers and potassium channel activation agent release the cerebral vasospasm significantly in clinical or animal experiments and improve the prognosis of patients with SAH.

关 键 词：蛛网膜下腔出血 脑损伤 脑修复 神经功能障碍 

分 类 号：R743.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]