菊黄东方鲀♀×红鳍东方鲀♂杂交后代早期形态特征及生长速度的比较  

Research of morphological characteristics and growth comparison of Fugu flavidus,Fugu rubripes and the hybridization(Fugu flavidus♀×Fugu rubripes♂)in early growth stages

作　　者：范文涛[1] 刘海金[2] 赵文江[3] 张福崇[4] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院,北京100141 [3]东北农业大学动物科技学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [4]河北省水产研究所,河北秦皇岛066000

出　　处：《水产学报》2011年第7期1065-1071,共7页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：河北省科技支撑项目(08240503D)

摘　　要：对菊黄东方鲀、红鳍东方鲀及其杂交后代的早期形态特征和生长速度进行了比较。在全长5 cm和10 cm时,形态上的主要差异是:(1)菊黄东方鲀的尾鳍为浅黄色,无黑杂色;红鳍东方鲀的尾鳍为黑色,其杂交后代与菊黄东方鲀相似,尾鳍浅黄色,略带黑色;(2)菊黄东方鲀背部皮刺无或极少超出侧线,超出部分与体背黑斑不相交;红鳍东方鲀背部皮刺超出侧线,超出部分与黑斑相交,向下延伸至腹部,其杂交后代背部皮刺超出侧线,与体背黑斑部分相交,向下未能延伸至腹部;(3)菊黄东方鲀背部皮刺向前延伸至两眼连接线,红鳍东方鲀向前延伸至两鼻孔连接线,其杂交后代超过两眼连接线而未达鼻孔连接线。以尾鳍颜色和皮刺的分布特征可以区分幼鱼阶段的菊黄东方鲀、红鳍东方鲀及其杂交后代。在体长为5 cm及10 cm时分别选取了2个和4个框架参数建立判别函数,判别菊黄东方鲀、红鳍东方鲀及其杂交种的准确率达到96.8%和100%。经过110 d的饲养,红鳍东方鲀、杂交东方鲀以及菊黄东方鲀的平均体长分别达到(110.24±3.78)、(101.16±6.56)和(82.92±4.29)mm,体质量分别为(35.68±5.04)、(33.00±6.24)和(20.99±3.00)g,无论体长还是体质量,都是红鳍东方鲀>杂交东方鲀>菊黄东方鲀,差异极显著。研究表明,菊黄东方鲀♀与红鳍东方鲀♂杂交,其后代早期形态与母本菊黄东方鲀相似,生长比红鳍东方鲀慢,而比菊黄东方鲀快,具有显著的经济杂交价值。In this paper,the hybridization between Fugu rubripes and Fugu flavidus was carried out,and the early morphological characteristics and growth rate of hybrid progenies（F.flavidus♀×F.rubripes♂）were compared with the non-hybrids of the parents.The 5 cm-length and 10 cm-length fingerling were collected for the comparison of morphological characteristics.The main differences are described as follows：（1） The color of tail fin which is light yellow in F.flavidus and black in F.rubripes＇s,the hybrid is yellow with a little bit black,similar to F.flavidus.（2） The distribution of aculeus on the dorsum usually is not out of the lateral line,and never intersects with black spots even if it spreads in F.flavidus;in the case of F.rubripes,the aculeus spread over the lateral line and down to the abdomen,intersecting with the black spots;the acules in hybrid progenies were similar to those of F.rubripes,but did not spread to the abdomen.（3） The dorsal aculeus which extend to the line between two eyes in F.flavidus and to the line between two nostrils in F.rubripes,reach the place that between the eyes and nostrils in hybrid progenies.The discriminate function was established by two and four morphological variables at 5 cm-length and 10 cm-length respectively.The integrative identification is 96.8% and 100%.Thus,we could distinguish them by the color of tail fin and the distribution of aculeus in the stage of juvenile.After 110 days,the average body lengths of F.rubripes,the hybrid progeny and F.flavidus were（110.24±3.78） mm,（101.16±6.56） mm,and（82.92±4.29） mm,with the average body weights of（35.68±5.04） g,（33.00±6.24） g,and（20.99±3.00） g,respectively.The results revealed that the order of the three in both body length and weight is F.rubripeshybrid progenyF.flavidus,of which the hybrid progeny are 31.00%,57.22% higher than F.flavidus in the end of the experiment,There were significant differences between any two of them（P0.01）based on analysis of variance and multiple c

关 键 词：菊黄东方鲀 红鳍东方鲀 杂交 形态 生长 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]