水稻新嫩组织的硅质化及其与稻瘟病抗性的关系  

THE SILICIFICATION OF YOUNG TISSUES OF RICE AND RELATIONSHIP WITH ITS RESISTANCE TO BLAST OF RICE

作　　者：水茂兴[1] 陈德富[2] 秦遂初[1] 蒋式洪 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学环境与资源学院,浙江杭州310029 [2]浙江省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,浙江杭州310021

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》1999年第4期352-358,共7页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

摘　　要：采用供硅处理与否的溶液培养水稻作供试材料,研究了硅在新嫩组织中的含量、分布、形态分组和动态变化及其与稻瘟病抗性的关系。结果表明,水稻组织硅质化在展叶( 或出穗) 前即已开始,在稻瘟病菌入侵的关键时期———展叶( 或出穗) 后最初几天,供硅与否其组织硅质化状况已存在悬殊差异。前者新嫩叶片SiO2 含量达5-45 % ,难溶性硅占全硅量94-5 % ;后者新嫩叶片SiO2 含量仅为1-20 % ,难溶性硅占全硅量只78-33 % 。供硅的新嫩叶片表面已有明显亚铃状硅化细胞出现,乳突粗大,X射线硅的能谱分析线在硅化细胞和乳突处出现较高的峰,表明该处硅的分布密度较高。而未经供硅处理的对照此时新嫩叶片表面未见明显硅化细胞,乳突小,X射线硅的能谱分析线为无曲折变化的平滑直线。供硅与否水稻新嫩组织间上述差异是导致日后稻瘟病发病率明显不同的基础。试验还表明,无论供硅与否,水稻体内可溶性硅含量始终维持在0-3 % 左右,表明这可能是稻体组织内由可溶性硅转化为难溶性硅的一个阈值。The differences of silica content, distribution and forms of young tissues of rice with and without silicon application, and the effect of silicification of rice tissues on resistance to blast of rice were conducted by solution culture.The results showed that, 1)Silicification of young tissues of rice were occurred and the difference of silica content and surface structure of young tissues with and without silica were significantly; 2) The silica content of young leaf was 5.45% when the silica supplied to rice and only 1.20% without silica.The siliceous cells and big papillae in young leaf were appeared, and the non soluble silica content was more than 95% of the total silica content; 3)With the rice growing, the silicification of tissues increased gradually with silicon treatment and gradually reduced without silicon, so the difference of resistance to blast of rice was significantly with and without silicon; 4)Regardless of supplied silicon or not, the soluble silica content of rice was kept in 0 3%, that indicated it may be a value on translocation from soluble silica to non soluble silica.

关 键 词：新嫩组织 硅质化 稻瘟病 抗性 水稻 

分 类 号：S435.111.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]