不规则地震道数据规则化重建方法研究  

Study on regularized reconstruction of uneven seismic traces

作　　者：高建军[1,2] 陈小宏[1,2] 王芳芳[1,2] 马剑[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与探测国家重点实验室,北京102249 [2]中国石油大学CNPC物探重点实验室,北京102249 [3]中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院,北京102249

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2011年第3期983-991,共9页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)(2006AA09A102-09)项目资助

摘　　要：不规则地震数据会对地震多道处理技术的正确运行产生不良影响,降低地震资料处理质量.本文依据不规则地震数据的表现特征将其划分为四种类型并针对第三类不规则地震道数据采用抗泄露Fourier变换方法进行规则化重建.不规则采样数据会破坏Fourier基函数的正交性并产生频谱泄漏现象.抗泄露Fourier变换方法通过递归相减来压制谱泄露,实现Fourier基函数的重正交,进而估计出相对精确的Fourier系数,达到规则化重建的目的.抗泄露Fourier变换方法具有一定的抗噪声和抗假频重建能力,这使它优于传统的非均匀Fourier变换重建方法.理论模型和实际资料处理表明用抗泄露Fourier变换重建方法来解决第三类不规则地震道数据的规则化重建问题是有效可行的.Abstract The irregular seismic data makes bad effects on multi-trace processing algorithms and degrades processing quality. In this paper, we divide irregular seismic data into four types in the light of its characteristics and use antileakage Fourier transform （ALFT） to regularize the third type of irregular seismic data. The irregular seismic data destructs orthogonality of Fourier basis functions and then leads to spectral leakage. The ALFT method could overcome spectral leakage and reorthogonalize Fourier basis functions by using recursive subtraction to estimate exact Fourier spectrum and regularize irregular seismic data. It also has certain anti-noise and anti-aliasing reconstruction ability, which makes it superior to the traditional non-uniform Fourier transform reconstruction method. A synthetic model and real data processing show that using the ALFT method to regularize the third type of irregular seismic data is effective and applicable.

关 键 词：不规则地震数据 地震数据规则化 地震数据重建 抗泄露Fourier变换 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]