不同氮肥运筹下寒地粳稻产量形成机理的研究  

Study on Yield Formation Mechanism of Japonica Rice in Cold Region Under Different Nitrogen Application

作　　者：杜晓东[1] 赵宏伟[1] 刘化龙[1] 王敬国[1] 许晶[1] 宋谨同[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学农学院水稻研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《农业现代化研究》2011年第4期483-486,共4页Research of Agricultural Modernization

基　　金：国家科技支撑项目"优质超级稻综合生产技术研究与示范"(编号:2007BAD65B01);东北农业大学创新团队项目"寒地粳稻超高产机理与关键技术"(编号:CXT001);农业部跨越计划项目"寒地早粳优质品种生产技术集成与产业化示范";黑龙省科技攻关计划重大项目"黑龙江省第一积温带优质水稻精确定量栽培技术模式研究与示范"(编号:GA09B102-1)

摘　　要：以寒地粳稻松粳6号和寒地超级稻松粳9号为材料,在相同施氮量条件下,研究了不同氮肥运筹对寒地水稻茎蘖动态、有效穗数、分蘖成穗率及产量的影响。结果表明:减少基肥施氮比例、增加穗粒肥施氮比例两品种分蘖数到达峰值时间延迟,每平方米有效穗数和分蘖成穗率均呈增大的趋势,但比例过大时,每平方米有效穗数和分蘖成穗率反而下降;适当减少基肥施氮量,增加后期穗粒肥施氮量可以显著的提高穗粒数、结实率和产量,松粳6号和松粳9号两品种产量均表现为M2处理最高,与M3处理差异不显著,与其它处理差异显著。由此说明,合理比例的基肥、蘖肥、穗肥、粒肥配比才能实现水稻的高产,配比失衡对产量影响严重。The effect of different N application methods on tillering dynamics,effective panicles number,ear-bearing percentage of tillers and yields of cold rice was studied on the condition that applying same N,and Songjing 6 and Songjing 9 was used as materials.The results showed that： the peak of tiller number was delayed by reducing ratios of base N and increasing ratios of ear-N of two varieties,and effective panicles was increased,but effective panicles number and ear-bearing percentage of tillers declined when the ratio was oversize;number of kernels per ear、seed setting rate and yield could be improved significantly by reducing base N and increasing ear-N,the yields of Songjing 6 and Songjing 9 were as follows： M2 treatment was maximum,and except for M3,the difference between M2 and other treatments was significant.Reasonable proportion of fertilizer for basic,tiller,panicle and grains was the necessary conditions of high yield of rice,and disequilibrium of applying N will affect yields greatly.

关 键 词：寒地粳稻 氮肥运筹 分蘖 产量 

分 类 号：S143.1[农业科学—肥料学] S511[农业科学—农业基础科学]