居民膳食结构与慢性非传染性疾病的关系调查  

Investigation on residents' dietary pattern associated with chronic non-communicable diseases

作　　者：宋爱菊[1] 张小强[2] 郭瑞娣[3] 姚青霄[1] 瞿新[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京市建邺区疾病预防控制中心,江苏南京210004 [2]东南大学公共卫生学院,江苏南京210009 [3]江苏省疾病预防控制中心,江苏南京210009

出　　处：《江苏预防医学》2011年第4期24-26,共3页Jiangsu Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的:探讨居民膳食结构和慢性非传染性疾病患病率之间的关系,为指导居民调整膳食结构,积极干预慢性病发生提供依据。方法:采用整群随机抽样方法,根据"中国居民营养与健康状况调查"方案追踪调查。采用食物频率法调查各种食物消费率及消费量,通过体格检查和血样分析获得慢性病相关数据。结果:南京市建邺区居民以传统型膳食模式为主,2007年平均每标准人日豆类、蔬菜、水果、奶类、蛋类、水产品和盐的摄入量高于2002年;谷类、畜禽肉类的摄入量低于2002年。与中国居民平衡膳食宝塔相比,蔬菜、水果、奶类仍然不足;肉类、蛋类等动物性食品以及油盐摄入量高于推荐标准。居民高血压等慢病患病率继续上升,与饮食因素密切相关。结论:南京市建邺区居民的膳食营养水平较5年前有改善,但仍然存在膳食结构不合理问题,与其相关的高血压等慢性病呈上升趋势。应继续开展营养干预和膳食指导工作,促进居民形成健康的饮食消费行为,提高其营养健康水平,遏制相关慢性病的发生。Objective：To explore residents＇ dietary pattern associated with a risk of developing chronic non-communicable diseases,and to provide basis for guiding residents to regulate dietary pattern and for intervening onset of chronic diseases positively.Methods： Random cluster sampling was used and tracing survey was conducted based on＇National survey on nutritional and healthy status of residents in China,2002＇.Variety food consumption rate and its consumption quantity were measured by food consumption frequency method.For residents,relevant index of chronic diseases were determined by physical examination and blood samples analysis.Results： It was found that traditional dietary pattern was predominant among residents of Jianye district in Nanjing city.For a standard person in an average,the intake of bean,vegetable,fruit,milk,egg,aquatic products and salt per day in 2007 was higher than that in 2002;while the intake of grain and poultry meat was lower than in 2002;moreover,by comparing with the balanced diet tower for Chinese residents,the intake of vegetable,fruit,and milk was still insufficient.The intake of meat,egg,edible oil and salt was higher than that of the recommended standard.It was shown that the morbidity of chronic disease such as hypertension among residents was increased continuously,which closely correlated to the diet.Conclusion： Although the dietary nutritional level in residents of Jianye district has been improved on that compared with five years ago,the problem of unreasonable dietary pattern existed yet,which related to the increasing trends of hypertension and other chronic diseases.In short,nutritional intervention campaign and diet guidance should be carried out continually so as to push on forming a healthful diet consumption behavior,to raise nutritional health level and restrain the occurrence of chronic diseases.

关 键 词：膳食结构 慢性非传染性疾病 患病率 

分 类 号：R151.45[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]