棕刚玉烟尘回收的环境意义及其矿物学研究  

The Environmental Significance of the Removal of Corundum Dusts and the Mineralogical Study of Such Dusts

作　　者：李惠文[1] 王宁[1] 陈业材[2] 田元江[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地球化学研究所非金属材料研究开发中心,贵阳550002 [2]中国科学院环境地球化学国家重点实验室,贵阳550002

出　　处：《岩石矿物学杂志》1999年第4期348-356,共9页Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金!(49672174)

摘　　要：电弧炉冶炼棕刚玉过程中会产生大量烟尘，如直接排放到大气中，将严重污染大气环境。为全面评估棕刚玉冶炼电炉烟尘对环境的影响，作者对贵州某厂７５００ｋＶＡ 和３０００ｋＶＡ 两组电炉在采用电收尘及布袋收尘前后的大气环境状况进行了预测计算与分析。对棕刚玉烟尘的研究表明，棕刚玉烟尘主要由Ｏ、Ａｌ、Ｓｉ、Ｋ 等元素组成的玻璃态共融物球粒构成。结晶物质主要是硫酸钾、棕刚玉、褐铁矿、Ｋ２Ｓ４ Ｏ６ 和石英。部分钾元素以硫酸钾晶体形式存在，结晶习性为棒状、片状和针状。并提出了采用自净式大循环分段提取钾、镓、铝、硅的工艺以综合利用棕刚玉烟尘的技术思路。Much smokeis produced during the production ofelectricfused alumina,which causesse rious environmentalpollution .In orderto evaluate its environmentalimpacts,the authors col lected data from two groups of electric furnaces in Guizhou Province, being 3000 kVAand 7500 kVArespectively .According to forecasting calculation and analysis,itis shown thatthe environmentalquality has been greatlyimproved afterthe dustremoval by means of electric or sack methods,with air quality changed from Grade 3 to Grade 1 . Thecomposition of the corundum dusts is studied by chemical analysis,electron micro scope analysis and X_ray analysis.Itis shown that the corundum dusts are ultrafine granular gray powders consisting of glassy eutectics of O,Al,Siand K.There arealso some potassium sulfate,corundum andlimonitein the dust.Arecycletechnique ofthe dustsisalso suggested .

关 键 词：棕刚玉 烟尘 大气环境预测 矿物学 回收利用 

分 类 号：X756.05[环境科学与工程—环境工程] P57[天文地球—矿物学]