什叶派“伊玛目隐遁”教义的成因解析  

Some Explanations for Crystallization of the Occultation Doctrine in Twelver Shi 'ism

作　　者：王凤[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院西亚非洲研究所国际关系研究室副主任、副研究员,北京100007

出　　处：《西亚非洲》2011年第7期104-115,共12页West Asia and Africa

摘　　要："伊玛目隐遁"思想是什叶派主流支派——十二伊玛目派教义的一个重要内涵。这种教义提出的原因,首先是以理性主义为特点的十二伊玛目派教义学审视的结果。更重要的是,这是当时该派别试图通过去政治化途径,来调和理想中的什叶派伊玛目领袖地位与残酷的政治现实之间矛盾的一种努力。不仅如此,这种教义还是十二伊玛目派应对什叶派内部不断分化的一种选择,尤其是应对来自法蒂玛王朝挑战的一种选择。伊玛目隐遁后,什叶派社团现实宗教政治领袖地位因此缺失。这种真空状态为其他宗教政治群体争夺什叶派领袖地位创造了客观条件,同时也埋下了以后什叶派内部政教关系不断产生紧张和矛盾的隐患。Ghaybah, the doctrine of Occuhation, was finally accepted and further developed by Twelver Shi ＇ ism in the 10th century. The occurrence partly following the great change in Twelver theology from the extremism - based views to Mu ＇ tazii - based tenets. Its development was also part of the efforts by Twelver Shi ＇is to harmonize the contradiction between their belief in the spiritual, political leadership of the Twelfth Imam and reverse political realities. Most important, by occulting the Imam while not violating the principle of the perpetual existence of a living Imam to guide mankind, Twelver Shi ＇ is tried to resolve the potential spiritual and political rival from the Isma ＇ili Fatimid to them. Continuing tension thus arose between government and religion in later centuries.

关 键 词：伊斯兰教 十二伊玛目派 伊玛目隐遁 理性主义 领袖地位缺失 

分 类 号：B966[哲学宗教—宗教学]