生物表面活性剂产生菌降解石油废水的研究  

Studies on degradation of oil wastewater by biosurfactant-producing bacteria

作　　者：黄文[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南第一师范学院数理系,湖南长沙410205

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第4期461-464,共4页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：湖南省科学技术厅项目(2009NK3093)

摘　　要：从含油废水中筛选分离到1株生物表面活性剂产生菌B-1,鉴定为假单胞菌属(Pseuomonas sp.)。对该菌株降解石油废水的能力进行研究。结果表明:B-1菌株对石油的最高降解率可达87.25%;菌株能利用石油产生大量的脂肽类生物表面活性剂,可使菌体表面疏水性呈下降趋势,疏水性最高为0.677;B-1菌株还能有效降低污染物分子与表面活性剂分子之间及石油烃与间隙水之间的界面张力,从最初的65.74 mN/m下降到最低的32.19 mN/m;B-1菌株的乳化性能较好,18 d后乳化指数仍达到81.16%,能产生较好的增溶效果,使非水溶性石油烃类物质的有机相与水相的接触面积大大增加。A biosurfactant-producing bacteria strain designated as B-1 was separated from oil wastewater and identified as Pseuomonas sp. The oil degrading capacity of strain B-1 was studied. The results indicated that the highest degradation rate of oil was 87.25%. Massive peptide-lipid biosurfactant could be produced from oil by strain B-I, which made the surface hydrophobicity of bacteria increase and the highest surface hydrophobicity value tested was 0.677. The interfacial tension of pollutants and surfactant molecules could be effectively reduced by Strain B-l, and the surface tension of fermentation broth decreased gradually from 65.74 mN/m to 32.19 mN/m. In addition strain B-I presented good emulsification performance with 81.16% of the total volume still emulsified after 18-day operation, which could improve solubility, thus increase contact area between aqueous phase and water-insoluble petroleum hydro6arbons organic phase.

关 键 词：假单胞菌属 石油废水 降解率 生物表面活性剂 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]