晚更新世末期—全新世早期的气候突变和中国农业的起源  

Abrupt Climate Change and Origin of Chinese Agriculture from the End of Late Pleistocene to Early Holocene

作　　者：侯光良[1] 肖景义[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海师范大学生命与地理科学学院,西宁810008

出　　处：《热带地理》2011年第2期119-124,共6页Tropical Geography

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目(10YJCZH041)

摘　　要：农业起源和气候变化关系的研究,对于目前人类社会对全球变暖的响应与适应有一定借鉴意义。农业起源需具备一定环境和人口压力、适合的地形、适宜野生稻和黍(粟)生长的气候环境、有从事高级采集-农业活动的文化背景等条件。根据环境演变和考古资料,晚更新世末期―全新世早期,中国经历了一系列气候变化事件。气候变化刺激了农业的形成与发展,新仙女木时期巨大的环境-人口压力促进了农业的产生;8.2 ka BP气候干冷事件推动了农业的扩张。根据农业起源时期的地理环境和典型遗址分布,结合农业起源需具备的条件,综合分析发现:太行山南麓、汾渭谷地一带应该是北方黍(粟)作农业起源地,长江中下游平原―南岭北麓过渡地带应该是南方稻作起源地。The research on the relationship between Chinese agricultural origin and climate change can be actively used as a significant reference for present human beings＇ response and adaptation to global warming.Conditions required for the origin of agriculture are：certain environmental premises,population pressure,appropriate landform,suitable climatic conditions for wild rice and millet,cultural background and inheritance of advanced harvesting and agricultural activities.According to the data of the environmental changes and those of archaeology,it can be known that during the period from the end of late Pleistocene to early Holocene China experienced a series of events of climate change.The climate change stimulated the formation and development of agriculture;the tremendous pressure of environment and population during the YD period brought about the existence of agriculture and the event of dramatically cold-dry variation 8.2 kaBP provoked the expansion of agriculture,turning it into the leading industry.Comprehensively analyzing the climate,vegetation,landforms and other natural factors during the agricultural origin,as well as the features of the geographic distribution of typical ruins from late Pleistocene to early Holocene,the authors consider that the area from the southern foot of the Taihang Mountains to the Fen-Wei River valleys in northern China is the cradle of millet farming,while that from the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtse to the northern foot of the Nanling Mountains in southern China is the origin area of rice farming..

关 键 词：晚更新世末期―全新世早期 气候突变 中国 农业起源 

分 类 号：K901.6[历史地理—人文地理学]