不同颜色视标对黑背景色的认知绩效比较研究  

Comparitive research on cognitive performance for different color visual targets on black background

作　　者：张杰[1] 高子童[2] 刘旭峰[1] 黄志平[1] 朱填莉[1] 张茜如[1] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学心理学教研室 [2]中国人民解放军71305部队医院

出　　处：《山西医科大学学报》2011年第7期542-544,550,共4页Journal of Shanxi Medical University

摘　　要：目的探讨不同颜色视标对黑背景色的认知绩效差异,为丰富色彩认知工效学理论和人-机界面工效设计提供颜色对比的实践依据。方法采用简单反应时(SRT)研究范式,120名视觉正常的本科生完成10种颜色视标相对黑色背景随机变换的认知测验。结果①在黑色背景下,被试对不同颜色视标反应时间不同,有统计学差异(F=6.658,P<0.001);②与黑背景色间的颜色距离不同,反应时间有统计差异(F=6.868,P<0.001);③反应较快的前四种颜色视标依据所占的人数比例依次为黄色(18.8%)、白色(17.9%)、绿色(15.2%)、青色(10.7%);④反应较慢的三种颜色视标依据所占的人数比例依次为蓝色(20.5%)、淡紫色(18.8%)、粉色(15.2%)。结论对于黑色背景,不同颜色视标的反应速度不同;视标与背景色间的颜色距离对反应时有明显的影响,即随着颜色距离的增加,反应时表现出渐慢的趋势;同一颜色的反应时存在个体差异。Objective To discuss the cognitive performance differences of different color targets on black background for perfecting color cognitive ergonomics theory and providing a color contrast practice basis for human-machine interface efficiency design. Methods Using simple response（SRT） research paradigm,120 visual normal undergraduates finished the cognition test for random transform of 10 color visual targets on black background. Results ①In the black background,the reaction time for different color visual targets was different,and there was statistically significant（F=6.658,P0.001）.②When color distance was different,reaction time was different（F=6.868,P0.001）.③The top four colors that people reacted faster were yellow（18.8%）,white（17.9%）,green（15.2%）and cyan（10.7%）.④The color that people reacted slower was blue（20.5%）,lilac（18.8%）,pink（15.2%）. Conclusion For the same black background,the reaction time for different color visual targets was different.Color distance from visual target to background has a significant impact on reaction time.The longer the color distance is,the shorter the reaction time is.There was individual differences for the same color.

关 键 词：颜色视标 简单反应时 RGB 颜色距离 

分 类 号：R395[哲学宗教—心理学]