梅贻琦与清华大学通识教育实践  

MEI Yi-qi and the Practice of General Education of Tsinghua University

作　　者：张亚群[1] 刘毳[1] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学高等教育发展研究中心,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《大学教育科学》2011年第4期73-78,共6页University Education Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金"十一五"规划2010年度教育学一般课题"中国近代大学通识教育与创新人才培养"(BAA100015)

摘　　要：迄今8位获诺贝尔奖华人学者中,有3位出自梅贻琦执掌时期的清华大学,这是与梅贻琦持之以恒的通识教育实践和无私奉献的教育家精神密不可分的。他主张"明明德"、"新民",养成整体之人格;坚持"知类通达","通重于专",注重通才教育;倡导各学科融会贯通,养成广博学识;提出"大师"论与"从游"论,强调教师的特殊作用。这些独具特色的通识教育理念,贯穿其治校方略、师资建设、学科发展、课程设置、校园文化诸环节,促进了创新人才的培养,为当今大学教育变革提供了有益借鉴。作为两岸清华大学共同的精神财富,梅贻琦的通识教育思想及其办学经验值得倍加珍惜。So far, there are 8 Chinese scholars won the Nobel prize, and 3 of them graduated from Tsinghua University which was headed by President MEI Yi--qi. It was inseparable with his persistent practice of general education and spirit of dedication as an educator. He advocated ＂to illustrate illustrious virtue＂, ＂to renovate the people＂, and to develop the whole personality; he insisted that general knowledge is more important than special knowledge and paid great attention to general education; he initiated mastery of all disciplines to develop a broad knowledge; he raised the concept of ＂master＂ and ＂following and edifying＂ to emphasize teacher＇s special function. These unique general education ideas run through his administration policy, teachers construction, subject development, curriculum, all aspects of campus culture and promoted the training of the innovative talents, and provided a useful reference for today＇s college education transformation. As the common spiritual wealth of Cross--Straits Ttsinghua universities, MEI Yi--qi ＇s idea and experience of general educational are worthy of being treasured.

关 键 词：梅贻琦 清华大学 通识教育 实践 

分 类 号：G649[文化科学—高等教育学]