质谱特征结合等效链长定性分析植物油中的脂肪酸  

Identification of Fatty Acids in Vegetable Oils by Mass Spectrometry and Equivalent Chain Length

作　　者：梁楠楠[1] 张良晓[1] 王向利[1] 谭斌斌[1] 梁逸曾[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学化学化工学院中药现代化研究中心,长沙410083

出　　处：《分析化学》2011年第8期1166-1170,共5页Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(Nos.20875104;21075138)资助

摘　　要：建立了质谱特征结合等效链长快速定性植物油中脂肪酸的方法。首先根据质谱特征判断脂肪酸的类型并鉴定出其中的饱和脂肪酸甲酯,然后利用它们的保留时间信息计算得到不饱和脂肪酸甲酯的等效链长值,与已建立的脂肪酸甲酯数据库对照实现不饱和脂肪酸甲酯的结构鉴定。用NaOH-甲醇对5种常见植物油(花生调和油、茶籽调和油、菜籽油、葵花籽油、大豆油)中的脂肪酸进行衍生和提取,采用DB-23石英毛细管柱(30m×0.25mm×0.25μm)分离脂肪酸甲酯的同系物和异构体,气相色谱质谱法(GC/MS)测定,结果表明,5种样品油中所含不饱和脂肪酸的组成和含量上均存在明显差异。本方法无需标准品即可快速定性检测脂肪酸同系物及异构体,适用于油脂、食品中脂肪酸的成分分析。To automatically identify fatty acids in vegetable oils,a method was proposed using mass spectrometry and equivalent chain length（ECL）.According to mass spectral characteristics,the type of fatty acids in the sample and its saturated fatty acid methyl esters were identified,then the retention time of saturated fatty acid methyl esters was used to calculate the ECL value of the unsaturated ones,and the ECL values of the interest were compared to the database established in our lab to indentify the molecular structure of all the components in the samples.The fatty acids of five vegetable oils were extracted and esterified by NaOH-CH3OH,and subsequently analyzed by GC/MS.Sufficient separation for the homologous and isomers of fatty acid methyl esters was obtained with DB-23（30 m×0.25 mm×0.25 μm） capillary column.The result indicated that unsaturated fatty acids extracted from the five vegetable oils were different in chemical composition and relative content.Using this method,contents of homologues and different isomers of fatty acid methyl esters can be automatically determined without standards.The method can be applied to the investigation of the compositions of fatty acids in lipid and food samples.

关 键 词：脂肪酸 质谱特征 等效链长(ECL) 植物油 气相色谱/质谱 

分 类 号：TS227[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程] O657.63[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]