不同规格南美白对虾蛋白质需要量的研究  

Dietary protein requirements for three sizes of pacific white shrimp,Litopenaeus vannamei

作　　者：陈义方[1,2] 林黑着[2] 牛津[2] 杨铿[2] 黄忠[2] 陈旭[2] 杜强[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所,广东广州510300

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2011年第13期118-121,共4页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2007BAD29B05);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费(2010YD02)

摘　　要：选用鱼粉、豆粕、花生麸为主要蛋白源,配制7个蛋白质水平梯度的饲料,对3种规格的南美白对虾(初始体重分别为:0.6 g、4 g、10 g)进行3期养殖试验(Ⅰ:0.6～4 g;Ⅱ:4～10 g;Ⅲ:10～18 g),研究不同蛋白质含量的饲料对3种规格南美白对虾生长及体组成成分的影响。结果表明:0.6～4 g的对虾,摄食42.19%和44.38%饲料蛋白时,其增重率和特定生长率显著高于摄食32.83%～38.11%饲料蛋白组(P<0.05),而39.55%饲料蛋白组与其他各组均无显著性差异(P>0.05);4～10 g的对虾,摄食38.24%饲料蛋白时,其增重率和特定生长率最高,且显著高于32.65%、36.78%和39.43%饲料蛋白组(P<0.05);10～18 g对虾,摄食34.08%饲料蛋白时,可获得最低的饲料系数,其增重率和特定生长率显著高于32.65%饲料蛋白组,但与其他组无显著性差异(P>0.05)。饲料蛋白水平对南美白对虾体蛋白含量有显著影响,试验Ⅰ中,39.55%饲料组的对虾体蛋白含量显著高于32.83%、36.52%和42.19%饲料蛋白组(P<0.05);试验Ⅱ中42.07%饲料组的对虾体蛋白含量显著高于34.08%饲料蛋白组(P<0.05),但与其他各组无显著性差异(P>0.05);试验Ⅲ中,36.78%饲料蛋白组的对虾体蛋白含量最高,显著高于42.07%和44.35%饲料蛋白组(P<0.05),与其他饲料蛋白组无显著性差异(P>0.05)。随着对虾体重的增加,蛋白质的需要量降低,饲料系数升高。Seven experimental diets using fish meal,soybean meal,peanut meal as the main protein sources were formulated to contain seven graded levels of protein.Three feeding trials were carried out to study the effects of different protein diets on growth and body composition of Pacific white shrimp,Litopenaeus vannamei（the weight of them were Ⅰ0.6～4g,Ⅱ4～10g,Ⅲ10～20g,respectively）.The results showed that individuals with 0.6～4g weight,growth rate（WG,%） and specific growth rate（SGR,%） of shrimp fed with 42.19% and 44.38% dietary protein were significantly higher than those of shrimp fed with 32.83%～38.11% dietary protein（P0.05）;however,no significant differences were found in WG and SGR of shrimp fed with 39.55% and all other dietary proteins（P0.05）.Individuals with 4～10g weight,WG and SGR of shrimp fed with 38.24% dietary protein were the highest and significantly different from those of shrimp fed with 32.65%,36.78% and 39.43% dietary protein（P0.05）.As for the individuals with 10～20g weight,the value of feed conversion rate（FCR） was the lowest in shrimp fed with 34.08% dietary protein,and WG and SGR of shrimp fed with 34.08% dietary protein were significantly higher than those of shrimp fed with 32.65% dietary protein（P0.05）;however,no significant differences were found in WG and SGR of shrimp fed with 34.08% dietary protein and all other dietary protein except 32.65%.Dietary protein levels also affected the whole body composition of Pacific white shrimp.For testⅠ,body protein content of shrimp fed with 39.55% dietary protein was significantly higher than that of shrimp fed with 32.83%,36.52% and 42.19% dietary protein（P0.05）.For testⅡ,body protein content of shrimp fed 42.07% dietary protein was significantly higher than that of shrimp fed 34.08% dietary protein（P0.05）.For test Ⅲ,body protein content of shrimp fed with 36.78% dietary protein was the highest and significantly different from that of shrimp fed with 42.07% and 44.35% dietary protein（P0.05�

关 键 词：南美白对虾 蛋白质需要量 不同规格 

分 类 号：S966.12[农业科学—水产养殖] S963.161[农业科学—水产科学]