面铣刀气动噪声数值模拟及不等齿距面铣刀的降噪方法  

Aeroacoustic noise simulation of face milling cutters and noise reduction method for non-uniform distributed indexable milling cutters

作　　者：吉春辉[1] 刘战强[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学机械工程学院,高效洁净机械制造教育部重点实验室,济南250061

出　　处：《科学通报》2011年第23期1940-1946,共7页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50935003,50975162);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2009CB724401);“高档数控机床与基础制造装备”科技重大专项(2009ZX04012-031,2010ZX04017-012);山东省自然科学杰出青年基金(JQ200918);山东大学科研创新基金(yyx10038)资助项目

摘　　要：高速面铣刀气动噪声由离散噪声与对总噪声影响较大的宽带噪声组成.针对高速面铣刀流场和声场的非定常特点,采用计算流体动力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)方法对面铣刀周围气流特性进行数值模拟,分析铣刀容屑槽区域的速度分布.计算线性欧拉方程(linear euler equation,LEE)中的声源项确定铣刀表面声源位置及强度.通过应用基于Lighthill声学类比的Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings(FW-H)积分变换方程计算获得远场噪声.针对铣刀表面不同声源产生的气动噪声频谱进行分析,发现铣刀容屑槽及刀片前刀面是高速面铣刀气动噪声的主要声源.等距及不等距铣刀噪声频谱分析表明不等齿距布置可改变频谱声能分布,降低离散噪声的基频峰值,进而可降低铣刀气动总噪声.The aeroacoustic noise generated in high speed face milling cutter consists of discrete noise and broadband noise contributing significantly to overall noise. A numerical simulation on air flow using computational fluid dynamics （CFD） method is developed through considering features of airflow and acoustic fields outside high speed face milling cutters. The airflow velocity distributions in the gullet region on milling cutter are analyzed. The locations and intensity of the sound source are obtained by computing the sound source item with the linear Euler equation. The sound pressure level is predicted using Ffowcs Williams- Hawkings （FW-H） formula based on the Lighthill＇ s equation. The noise spectra of different sources on cutter surface show that the cutter gullet and the insert rake faces are the dominant noise sources. The comparisons of noise spectra generated in milling cutters with equally spaced inserts and cutters with unequally spaced inserts show that the use of unequally spaced inserts can alter the distribution of sound power and decrease the discrete noise peak value at the fundamental frequency, thus the overall noise can also be reduced.

关 键 词：面铣刀 气动噪声 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TG714[金属学及工艺—刀具与模具] TB535[理学—物理]