春秋时代的国书文体  

Style of the Diplomatic Letters of the Spring and Autumn Period

作　　者：董芬芬[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学文史学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（社会科学版）》2011年第4期20-26,共7页Journal of Lanzhou University（Social Sciences）

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究基金项目(09XJA751006);国家社会科学基金后期资助项目(10FZW011)

摘　　要：《左传》《国语》等典籍所载的外交应对之辞,许多本来是列国往来所使用国书的内容。国书是春秋时代盛极一时的文体,它是赴告制度的产物,是聘问礼仪的要求,把国书以行人应对辞令的方式载入,是先秦史书的惯例,其中"寡人"、"不榖"、"孤"等称呼皆是国书的标志。春秋国书大概有告请类、通报消息类及庆吊类等,不同场合的国书,内容、措辞和写法各不相同。春秋国书形成了简约、恭敬、婉曲的语言风格。The diplomatic letter, originating from the traditional diplomatic etiquette, is a very commonly used style during the Spring and Autumn Period. Such letters, as documented in Zuo Zhuan and Guo Yu, usually take the form of dialogues, which is an usual practice of pre-Qin historical records. Self-disparaging addresses for the first person singular used by kings and dukes are common in such letters. Diplomatic letters are written in different styles according to their different purposes.

关 键 词：国书文体 外交辞令 春秋时代 

分 类 号：I106.6[文学—世界文学]