气-液与气体工质热声发动机性能对比  

Performance comparison of thermoacoustic engine with gas-liquid and gas oscillation

作　　者：汤珂[1] 雷田[1] 林小钢[1] 金滔[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学制冷与低温研究所,浙江杭州310027

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（工学版）》2011年第7期1244-1247,共4页Journal of Zhejiang University：Engineering Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50806065);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目(200803351053)

摘　　要：为了降低热声发动机的谐振频率并增大压比,建立采用U形谐振管的驻波型热声发动机.将液柱引入U形谐振管,与热声核部分的气体工质形成气-液耦合振动系统.采用水作为液柱,将氮气和氦气分别作为气体工质,进行气-液工质耦合振动与单纯气体工质热声发动机性能的对比实验.实验结果表明,无论氮-水还是氦-水耦合振动热声发动机系统均获得了低于8 Hz的谐振频率,气-液耦合振动系统的谐振频率明显低于单纯气体系统;采用气-液耦合振动能够获得比单纯气体系统更大的压比.采用气-液耦合振动实现的低谐振频率和大压比对于改善热声驱动脉管制冷系统在深低温区的制冷性能是有利的.A standing-wave thermoacoustic engine with a U-shaped resonant tube was constructed in order to reduce the resonant frequency and increase the pressure ratio.A liquid column was introduced into the U-shaped resonant tube,forming the gas-liquid coupling oscillation with the gas working fluid in the thermoacoustic core.Experiments for performance comparison of the thermoacoustic engine with gas-liquid and mere gas oscillation were constructed with water as the liquid column and with nitrogen and helium as the working gas,respectively.Experimental results indicated that both nitrogen-water and helium-water coupling oscillation systems realized a resonant frequency below 8 Hz,which was obviously lower than that of either nitrogen or helium gas oscillation system.A larger pressure ratio was observed in the gas-liquid coupling oscillation thermoacoustic engine,compared with mere gas system.Relatively lower resonant frequency and larger pressure ratio are advantageous for the performance improvement of thermoacoustically driven pulse tube refrigeration at cryogenic temperature.

关 键 词：热声发动机 气液耦合振动 谐振频率 压比 

分 类 号：TB511[理学—物理]