北京城市交通发展政策述评及对拥挤收费的讨论  

Review of Urban Transportation Policies in Beijing and Discussion of Congestion Pricing

作　　者：Felix Creutzig Maximilian Thess 周江评 Michael Replogle 韩慧敏[4] 耿雪[4] 张绍滨[5] 

机构地区：[1]柏林工业大学气候变化经济学系,德国柏林10623 [2]宇恒可持续交通研究中心,北京100004 [3]交通与发展政策研究所,美国华盛顿20036 [4]中国城市规划设计研究院,北京100037 [5]双鸭山市城市建设档案馆,黑龙江双鸭山155100

出　　处：《城市交通》2011年第4期1-10,共10页Urban Transport of China

摘　　要：中国城市交通发展政策承载了很多共同利益,包括减少空气污染与交通拥堵、提高骑车者与行人的交通安全以及改善公共汽车服务的可靠性。逐一评述北京市为达成上述事项而实施的包括公共交通、限行措施、小汽车数量调控和停车管理在内的一系列城市交通发展政策。指出北京市已实施的一系列政策还无法实现缓解交通拥堵的目标,未来可以考虑采取更加行之有效的措施,如交通拥挤收费。由此定量论证了北京市实施拥挤收费的前景及其综合效益,并探讨了实施拥挤收费的重要保障因素:决策与公平、综合配套措施、政府支持、国际经验。Embedded in urban transportation policies of China,there are many public interests：re-ducing traffic congestion and asso-ciated air pollution,increasing pe-destrians and cyclists’safety and improving reliability of public tran-sit services.This paper reviews Bei-jing’s transportation policies regard-ing pursuing the above interests,which include：prioritizing public transit development,car use restric-tion,cap for overall number of reg-istered cars,and parking manage-ment.The paper points out that theimplemented policies in Beijing can not realize the goal of reducing congestion and Beijing should con-sider adopting more effective coun-termeasure such as congestion pric-ing.In light of this,the paper dis-cusses the prospect of congestion pricing in Beijing and its compre-hensive benefits.The paper also ex-plores the factors ensuring smooth congestion pricing：decision-mak-ing and equity,comprehensive coor-dination,governments’support and international experience.

关 键 词：城市交通 交通发展政策 拥挤收费 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]