饲料碳水化合物水平对鳡幼鱼生长和体成分的影响  

Effects of Dietary Carbohydrate Levels on the Growth Performance and Body Compositions of Juvenile Elopichthys bambusa

作　　者：周华[1] 樊启学[1] 宗克金[1] 宋林[1] 张云龙[1] 杨威[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学水产学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2011年第3期108-113,共6页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(No.2007BAD37B02);湖北省"十一五"重大科技公关项目(No.2006AA203A01)

摘　　要：以白鱼粉、酪蛋白、鱼油和α-淀粉分别作为蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物原料,配制等蛋白质(45%)、等脂肪(8%)、碳水化合物水平分别为0%、5%、10%、15%、20%、25%的6组饲料。饲养鳡幼鱼8周后测定其生长、体成分及肝糖原含量,初步探讨鳡对碳水化合物的利用能力。结果表明,20%组鱼体的增重率、特定生长率和蛋白质效率最高(P<0.05)。高碳水化合物组表现较高的摄食率、脏体比、肝体比和肠脂比(P<0.05)。饲料碳水化合物水平的升高,增加了全鱼体干物质和粗脂肪的累积(P<0.05)。随着饲料碳水化合物水平的增加,鱼体的肝糖原储存量先增加、后降低,20%组达到最高(P<0.05)。综合试验结果分析,鳡可以在一定程度上利用淀粉类碳水化合物,但在饲料中添加量不宜超过20%,否则不利于鱼的健康生长。A 8-week growth trial was conducted to determine the effect of dietary carbohydrate levels on the growth and nutrient composition of juvenile Elopichthys bambusa.Six isonitrogenous （45% crude protein） and isolipidic （8% crude lipid） diets were formulated to contain grade carbohydrate levels （0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%, respectively）.White fish meal and casein were used as protein sources, fish oil as lipid source and α-starch as carbohydrate source. Growth performance, body composition and liver glycogen content were determined. The results demonstated that fish fed diet with 20% carbohydrate level exhibited significantly higher weight gain, specific growth rate and protein efficiency than other groups. Higher feeding rate, viscerosomatic index, hepatosomatic index and intraperitoneal fat ratio were observed in fish fed diet with higher carbohydrate content. As dietary carbohydrate level increased, the whole body contents of dry matter and crude lipid showed an increasing trend （P0.05）.Liver glycogen accumulation was positively correlated with dietary carbohydrate content when the dietary carbohydrate level did not exceed 20%, but decreased at a higher level（P0.05）.The overall results showed that to some extent, Elopichthys bambusa can utilize carbohydrate such as starch as energy source. And its suitable supplementation should not exceed 20%, otherwise negative effect might arise.

关 键 词：鳡 碳水化合物 生长 体成分 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]