基于恒星地球敏感器的空间飞行器自主导航系统  

Space Vehicle Autonomous Navigation System Based on Fixed Star and Earth Sensor

作　　者：宓莎[1] 杜红棉[1] 马铁华[1] 王俊峰[2] 

机构地区：[1]中北大学,太原030051 [2]中国运载火箭技术研究院,北京100076

出　　处：《导弹与航天运载技术》2011年第4期8-12,共5页Missiles and Space Vehicles

基　　金：国防科工局预研项目

摘　　要：空间飞行器长时间在轨飞行将引起其惯性导航系统的漂移,因此需要采用自主导航、地面测控等方法进行修正。在对现有的航天器自主导航方法研究的基础上,选用技术较成熟基于状态模型的星敏感器+地球敏感器模式的自主导航系统。并对自主导航系统的构成、模型的建立、以及滤波算法的选择等问题进行了研究。最后分析了星敏感器的采样周期、采样弧长、敏感器精度对自主导航系统精度的影响。自主导航系统对于拓展航天运输系统在空间领域的应用、提升航天运输系统的地位和作用有重大意义。Space vehicles flying on the orbit for a long time will lead to drifts of Inertial Navigation System （INS）, thus employing methods such as autonomous navigation, ground measurement and control is needed to correct error. Based on the study of spacecraft autonomous navigation, this paper chooses autonomous navigation model system of star sensor combining earth sensor, which is relatively mature in this area. Meanwhile, this paper discusses autonomous navigation system composition, model building, filter algorithm option and so on. Finally, this paper gives detailed analysis on the influence of different sampling period, sampling arc-length, sensor accuracy of star sensor and choosing star scheme on the autonomous navigation system accuracy. Autonomous navigation system will have a significant impact on expanding application of space transportation system and evaluating the place of space transportation systeml

关 键 词：自主导航 星敏感器 地球敏感器 空间飞行器 

分 类 号：TJ765.2[兵器科学与技术—武器系统与运用工程]