不同遮荫树种对茶园土壤和茶叶品质的影响  

Effects of different single shaded trees on soil and tea quality of different tree-tea intercrop gardens

作　　者：王丽娟[1,2] 朱兴正[3] 毛加梅[3] 汪云刚[3] 刘德和 高丽洪[4] 唐建维[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园,云南勐腊666303 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]云南省农业科学院茶叶研究所,云南勐海666201 [4]西双版纳州科技情报研究所,云南景洪666100

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2011年第8期66-73,共8页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：中国科学院农业项目办公室项目(KSCX2-YW-N-48-06);西双版纳州科技局项目(YX200902)

摘　　要：通过对杉木＋茶、樟树＋茶、山苍子＋茶三种间作茶园的土壤状况（养分、水分、容重）和茶叶主要生化成分（氨基酸、茶多酚、儿茶素、水浸出物、咖啡碱）与纯茶园的比较分析，结果表明：樟＋茶问作茶园和山苍子＋茶间作茶园可有效提高表土层（0-20cm）有机质和全氮含量，并可改善土壤水分和容重，而杉木十茶的土壤养分（全钾除外）和水分含量偏低；三种间作茶园中茶叶的咖啡碱含量都高于纯茶园，而茶多酚、儿茶素含量及酚氨比均低于纯茶园，其中杉木＋茶间作茶园的茶多酚和儿茶素含量和樟＋茶间作茶园的酚氨比显著低于纯茶园（ANOVA，p〈0．05）。茶叶质量以樟＋茶间作茶园中的茶叶品质最优。在三种间作茶园中，樟＋茶间作茶园和山苍子十茶间作茶园较杉木＋茶间作茶园更适宜在气候条件相似的茶区推广种植。Comparisons between tea garden soil conditions（nutrient, water, bulk density） aM main biochemical components of tea tree（amino acid, tea poolyphenol, catechin, water extraction, theine） in the three gardens （China firtea, Camphor tree-tea, Litsea pungens-tea,）and those in the monoculture tea garden were carried out in Menghai county,Xishuangbanna,Yunaru The sample plots are with a size of 20 m × 25 m, and soil samples at five different soil layers （0-20 cm, 20-40 cm, 40-60 cm, 60-80 cm, 80-100 cm） in March and tea samples in May, 2010 were taken in each plots. The results show that Camphor tree-tea and Litsea pungens-tea intercrop gardens could improve the moisture content and organic matter and total nitrogen contents of the topsoil （0-20 cm）, as well as reduced soil bulk density compared with monoculture tea gardens, but the soil nutrient （except for total potassium） and moisture contents were the lowest in China fir-tea garden among three intercrop tree-tea gardens. Concerning the tea quality, theine contents of tea were higher, and tea polyhenols and catecbin content and the ratios of polyphenol and amino acid （TP/AA） of tea was qower in three different tree-tea intercrop gardens than that of tea inmonocuhure tea gardens. Moreover, tea polyhenols and catechin content of tea in China fir -tea intercrop garden and the ratio of polyphenol and amino acid （TP/AA） of tea in Camphor tree-tea intercrop garden were significantly lower than that of tea in monoculture tea gardens. Consequently, the ratios of tea polyphenol and amino acid （TP/AA） of tea in four different tea gardens were ranked as monoeluture tea garden〉Litsea pungens-tea garden 〉China fir-tea garden 〉 Camphort tree-tea gardem which showed that the tea quality of Camphort tree-tea garden was the best among four different tea gardens. The results indicate that Camphor tree-tea and Litsea pungens-tea intercrop gardens are more feasible to be planted than China fir-tea intercrop garden in tea production region with

关 键 词：茶园 复合生态系统 土壤 茶叶品质 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]