情绪Stroop效应与Stroop效应的关系  

The Relationship Between the Emotional Stroop Effect and the Stroop Effect

作　　者：刘亚[1,2] 王振宏[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学心理学院,西安710062 [2]陕西省行为与认知神经科学重点实验室,西安710062

出　　处：《心理科学》2011年第4期806-812,共7页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30970912);教育部人文社科规划基金(08JAXLX011)的资助

摘　　要：本研究采用多重任务,在潜变量水平上探讨了情绪Stroop效应与Stroop效应的关系。通过位置判断任务、图-词干扰任务和色-词干扰任务来测量Stroop效应;通过表情面孔性别判断任务、情绪词汇判定任务和情绪图片颜色命名任务来测量情绪Stroop效应;运用验证性因素分析法检验情绪Stroop效应与Stroop效应的关系模型。结果发现:(1)Stroop效应和情绪Stroop效应是显著的。(2)情绪Stroop效应与Stroop效应是两种独立的现象。这一结果支持了情绪Stroop效应的威胁-驱动机制,即情绪Stroop效应是由于威胁性的情绪信息导致认知加工速度的一般性延缓所致,而不是经典Stroop效应的选择性注意机制。The Stroop effect is referred to the failure to focus exclusively on the target dimension of a stimulus, because of the taskirrelevant dimension of the same stimulus. For example, when naming the print color of color words, people seem unable to prevent processes of reading even when such processes are irrelevant to the task at hand and can hurt performance. While, the emotional Stroop effect is defined as the interference between emotional information and the non-emotional information of the same stimulus. For example, usually, people read or name the color of emotionally charged words or threat words both are slower than neutral words. There are two different views on the relationship between the emotional Strcop effect and the Stroop effect. One is the selective attention mechanism, which argues that the emotional Stroop is a variant of the Stroop paradigm. It assumes that both the Stroop and the emotional Strcx）p effects document the failure of fully selective focusing on target dimension of the stimuli. The other account is the threat-driven mechanism, which postulates that the emotional Stroop effect and the Stroop effect are two independent and different phenomena. The competing account attributes the emotional delay to a threat-driven generic slowdown, but not a selective attention mechanism associated with the classic Stroop effect. To resolve the controversy, this study was to explore the relationship between the emotional Stroop effect and the Stroop effect at the level of latent variables. The latent variable approach is highly theory-driven and can alleviate the task impurity problem. Therefore, this latent variable approach has several important advantages over a more common approach of relying on zero-order correlations and Exploratory Factor Analysis, particularly in the context of studying the relationship between the emotional Stroop effect and the Stroop effect. In present study, 133 undergraduates, from 17 to 23 years old, attended six tasks respectively. All participants didn＇t know the

关 键 词：情绪STROOP效应 STROOP效应 验证性因素分析 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]