个性心理因素与非理性金融行为研究  

A Study on the Relationship of Psychological Factors and Non-rational Financial Behavior

作　　者：杨慧芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学商学院,南京210093

出　　处：《心理科学》2011年第4期915-919,共5页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：南京大学博士后科研经费资助

摘　　要：以339名成人为被试,采用问卷法对个性心理因素中的人格、决策模式与非理性金融行为的关系进行了研究。结果表明:人格、决策模式对非理性金融行为有显著影响,不同人格类型、不同决策模式的个体的非理性金融行为差异显著。研究发现,人格、决策模式对各类非理性金融行为以及非理性金融行为总偏差的预测力皆达显著,并且对不同的非理性金融行为有不同预测力;理智型、即时型、依赖型的决策模式与感觉-直觉人格维度对非理性金融行为总偏差的预测力显著。This paper aimed to explore the effects of psychological factors of personality type and decision-making style on non-rational financial behavior. It analyzed individual differences in non-rational financial behavior caused by individual differences in personality type and decision-making style. Personality types, decision-making styles and non-rational financial behaviors were measured by the method of questionnaire, and 339 adult subjects （171 males and 168 females） were involved in the study. The MBTI （Myers-Briggs Type Indicator） instrument and the General Decision-Making Style （GDMS） were taken to measure the subjects＇ personality types and decision-making styles respectively. And the subjects＇ non-rational financial behaviors were measured by the scenario scale which was developed by the author based on the classical experiments of non-rational financial behaviors designed by Thaler, Kahneman, Tversky, Shefrin and Statman. The scenario scale included scenarios measuring Mental Accounting, Sunk Cost Effect, Regret Averse, Endowment Effect, Framing Bias, House Money, Representativeness Bias, WTP（wiUingness to pay ）-WTA（willingness to accept ） Gap, Disposition to sell winners too early and ride losers too long, and Risking Taking （under gain and loss ）. All three instruments were examined and proved to have ideal reliabily and validity in this study. It was found that the main effect of personality types and decision-making styles on non-rational financial behaviors was significant respectively, and the interaction effect was inignificant. Significant differences were found in different non-rational financial behaviors among different personality types and decision-making styles. It was also found that personality types and decision-making styles had significant prediction of different non- rational financial behaviors and the whole. The rational style, the spontaneous style and the dependent style of decision-making styles and the sensing-intuition dichotomy of personality were sig

关 键 词：个性心理因素 非理性金融行为 人格 决策模式 

分 类 号：B844[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]