考虑道路交通拥堵的公交发车间隔优化模型  

An Optimal Bus Headway Model Considering Traffic Congestion

作　　者：王超[1] 徐猛[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学交通运输学院,北京100044

出　　处：《交通运输系统工程与信息》2011年第4期166-172,共7页Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71071014)

摘　　要：发车间隔的确定是建立行车计划的基础,合理安排公交运营方案可以在优化公交企业运营成本的同时,有效满足乘客需求.本文提出了在保证公交运营服务水平和所需运营车辆最少的前提下,确定公交发车间隔的模型.在现有的模型基础上考虑了道路交通拥堵对公交运行的影响.引入拥堵系数,建立了基于载客里程的公交发车频率模型.实例分析表明模型使得发车间隔的计算更简单直观.拥堵因子的引入对发车间隔产生了较大的影响,且能有效地优化公交发车间隔.使公交企业更好地平衡了乘客满意度与公交车运行成本.The determination of bus headway is the base of bus operation planning.Reasonable bus schedules can optimize the operating costs of bus enterprises and well meet the passengers＇ demand.In this paper,a bus headway model is developed considering the bus service level and the number of operating bus.The traditional model is improved by introducing the congestion coefficient and using the passenger mileage.An example shows that the headway calculation is more simple,and a balance between operating costs and passenger satisfactions are achieved because of the proposed model.The congestion coefficient significantly affects the bus headway determination and optimizes bus schedules.

关 键 词：城市交通 发车间隔 数学模型 发车频率 道路拥堵 公共交通 

分 类 号：U491.1[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]