黄河口尾闾河道横断面形态调整及其与水沙过程的响应关系  

Relationship between Adjustment of Section Configuration and Flow-sediment of Tail Channels in the Yellow River Estuary

作　　者：胡春宏[1] 张治昊[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100044

出　　处：《应用基础与工程科学学报》2011年第4期543-553,共11页Journal of Basic Science and Engineering

基　　金：国家杰出青年科学基金项目(50725930);国家自然科学基金创新群体基金项目(50721006);水利部"948"计划技术创新与推广转化项目(CT200326)

摘　　要：为治理尾闾河道萎缩提供技术支撑,采用实测资料分析与理论探讨相结合的方法,研究了尾闾河道断面形态变化及其与水沙过程的响应关系.结果表明,1986年后,黄河口水沙过程变异,尾闾河道平滩流量和平滩面积大幅度减小,平滩宽深比有所增大,断面形态变的宽浅;2002年后,小浪底水库调水调沙运用,尾闾河道萎缩有所恢复,平滩流量和平滩面积增大,平滩宽深比减小,断面形态朝着窄深方向调整.通过引入水沙过程参数,建立了尾闾河道断面形态与来水量、来沙系数和来水过程等参数的单因素响应关系以及多因素综合关系,在此基础上提出了尾闾河道满足一定输水输沙规模的断面形态所对应的水沙过程临界指标,如当黄河口汛期来水量大于141.2×108m3、汛期来沙系数小于0.03、汛期来水过程参数大于2.3时,利津断面平滩流量可达4000m3/s,相应的平滩面积为1648m2、平滩宽深比为6.3.For harnessing the atrophy of tail channels,the relationship between the section configuration and flow-sediment was researched using the methods of field data analyses and theoretical study.The results show that,after 1986,with the variation of flow-sediment,the atrophy of tail channels is in evidence,the bank-full area reduce,the width-depth ratio increase,the section configuration become wide and shallow;after 2002,the regulation of flow-sediment of Xiaolangdi Reservoir run successfully,the atrophy of tail channels resume in a certain extent,the bank-full area increase,the width-depth ratio decrease,the section configuration become narrow and deep.Via establishing the relationship between the section configuration and flow-sediment,the critical index of flow-sediment are brought forward.For example,the flood season incoming flow should be bigger than 141.2 billion m3,the flood season incoming sediment coefficient should be less than 0.03,the flood season parameter of flow process should be bigger than 2.3,so the bank-full discharge of Lijin section is 4000m3/s,corresponding bank-full area is 1648m2,width-depth ratio is 6.3.

关 键 词：黄河口 水沙过程 尾闾河道 横断面形态 响应关系 临界指标 

分 类 号：TV148.1[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]