黄土高原南部人工林林冠对降雨特征的影响分析  

Rainfall Characteristics under Canopy of Plantation Forest in the Southern Loess Plateau

作　　者：吴光艳[1] 成婧[1] 祝振华[1] 吴发启[1] 于小玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2011年第4期32-35,42,共5页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(40871133);国家重点基础研究发展"973"计划(2007CB407201)

摘　　要：林冠降雨特征是森林水文作用的重要机制,同时也是植被在水土保持作用中的重要内容。以黄土高原南部常见乔木刺槐、元宝枫、桉树为研究对象,以滤纸色斑法为基本实验原理,观测了该地区天然降雨15场,分别取得3种乔木冠下雨滴谱200份。通过对比分析林冠内外降雨特征,得到以下结论:林冠降雨特征与林外降雨特征有显著区别;林下雨滴分布呈现近似的正态分布,大雨滴数量较林外明显增多;林冠下雨滴中数直径(D50)受降雨强度的影响很小,且在降雨强度小于0.1 mm/min时,林冠下D50大于林冠外,当雨强大于0.1 mm/min,林外D50有大于林内的趋势;降雨动能与雨滴中数直径有着相似的变化趋势。Rainfall characteristic under canopy is an important mechanism for forest hydrological,and it is an important aspect in soil and water conservation.In this study,Robinia pseudoacacia,Eucalyptus exserta Linn and Acer truncatum Bunge are selected as objects of study,and the rainfall is observed by filter-color stain method.Two hundred raindrops were obtained under each canopy of plantation.The rainfall characteristics were analyzed inside and outside the canopy,and the conclusions are as follows：there is a significant difference between inside and outside the canopy of rainfall.The raindrop distribution showed a normal distribution under the canopy,and it had more large raindrops;the relationship is not obvious between the median raindrop and rainfall intensity,and when the rainfall intensity is less than 0.1 mm/min,the median raindrop inside the canopy is less than outside the canopy,when the rainfall intensity is more than 0.1 mm/min,the result is just the opposite.The kinetic energy of rainfall had the same discipline with the median raindrop.

关 键 词：人工林 林冠降雨 降雨特征 雨滴中数直径 降雨动能 

分 类 号：S718.512[农业科学—林学]