父母权威和心理控制及依恋对不同生长地医学生社交焦虑的影响  

Effect of parental authority, parental psychological control and parent attachment on social anxiety of different growth places medical students

作　　者：陈雪[1] 王忆军[1] 王国华[1] 葛万龙[1] 刘迪[1] 王燕[1] 陈素芬[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生教研室,哈尔滨150081

出　　处：《中华行为医学与脑科学杂志》2011年第8期737-739,共3页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science

基　　金：黑龙江省科学技术厅资助项目（11551241）

摘　　要：目的探讨医学生社交焦虑与父母权威、心理控制以及依恋的关系，为更好的解决医学生心理健康问题提供理论依据。方法采用社交恐怖症量表（SPIN）、父母权威问卷（PAQ）、父母心理控制量表以及父母依恋量表（IPA）对某医学院校大一、大二全体2105医学生进行调查。结果被试医学生SPIN得分为（17．75±10．47）分，女生得分高于男生，但无统计学意义[（17．97±10．44）分，（17．29±10．52）分，t=-1．305，P=0．192]，生长地为农村的学生得分显著高于城市学生[（19．47±10．60）分，（15．85±10．01）分，t=-7．478，P〈0．01]；逐步回归分析显示，父亲沟通和母亲权威是城市医学生社交焦虑的保护因素，父亲情感回应不当、母亲疏远、父亲不正确教育观点、母亲沟通是危险因素；而对农村医学生，父亲沟通为保护因素，母亲疏远和母亲专制是危险因素。结论医学生社交焦虑受父母权威和心理控制及依恋等因素的影响，但城乡间影响因素不尽相同，所以在对家长开展健康教育时需要考虑这些因素。Objective To explore the relationship between parental authority,parental psychological control, parental attachment and medical students＇ social anxiety, and to provide theoretical guidance for medical students＇ mental health. Methods 2105 medical students were assessed with the social phobia inventory （ SPIN）, Parental authority questionnaire （ PAQ ） , Parental psychological control questionnaire, Inventory of parent attachment （IPA）. Results The mean SPIN score of social anxiety was 17.75 ± 10.47. Girls scored higher than boys,but there were no statistically significant differences between them（ 17.97 ± 10.44 vs 17.29± 10.52, t = 1. 305, P = 0. 192）. Rural medical students scored higher than urban students, and the difference had statistical significance （ 19.47± 10.60 vs 15.85± 10.01, t = 7. 478, P 〈 0.01 ）. Stepwise regression revealed that, for urban students＇ anxiety, father communication and mother authoritative/flexible were protective factors, father unconscionable emotional response, mother alienation, father unconscionable viewpoint and mother communication were risk factors ; and for rural students＇ anxiety father communication was protective factor, mother alienation and mother authoritarian were risk factors. Conclusion Factors such as parental authority, parental psychological control and parental attachment will affect medical students＇ social anxiety. But the factors are not same between urban and rural. So these factors are considered when carrying out health education for parents.

关 键 词：社交焦虑 父母权威 父母心理控制 父母依恋 医学生 

分 类 号：R749.7[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]